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Saturday, 17 September 22
IS A GLOBAL RECESSION IMMINENT? - WORLD BANK
 Since the beginning of the year, a rapid deterioration of growth prospects coupled with rising inflation and tightening financing conditions, has ignited a debate about the possibility of a global recession—a contraction in global per capita GDP. Drawing on insights gained from previous global recessions, this study presents a systematic analysis of the recent evolution of economic activity and policies, and a model-based assessment of possible near-term macroeconomic outcomes.
Evolution of activity. Consensus forecasts for global growth in 2022 and 2023 have been downgraded significantly since the beginning of the year. Although these forecasts do not point to a global recession in 2022–23, experience from earlier recessions suggests that at least two developments—which either have already materialized in recent months or may be underway—heighten the likelihood of a global recession in the near future. First, every global recession since 1970 was preceded by a significant weakening of global growth in the previous year, as has happened recently. Second, all previous global recessions coincided with sharp slowdowns or outright recessions in several major economies.
Evolution of policies. Despite the current slowdown in global growth, inflation has risen to multi-decade highs in many countries. To stem risks from persistently high inflation, and in a context of limited fiscal space, many countries are withdrawing monetary and fiscal support. As a result, the global economy is in the midst of one of the most internationally synchronous episodes of monetary and fiscal policy tightening of the past five decades. These policy actions are necessary to contain inflationary pressures, but their mutually compounding effects could produce larger impacts than intended, both in tightening financial conditions and in steepening the growth slowdown. This synchronous policy tightening contrasts with the policies adopted around the 1975 global recession but is similar to those implemented ahead of the 1982 recession. A major lesson from these two episodes is that making necessary policy adjustments in a timely fashion is essential to containing inflationary pressures and reducing the output costs of policy interventions.
Near-term growth outcomes. Three scenarios for the global economy over 2022-24 are analyzed using a large-scale, cross-country model. The first, baseline scenario, aligns closely with recent consensus forecasts of growth and inflation, as well as market expectations for policy interest rates. However, it implies that the degree of monetary policy tightening currently expected may not be enough to restore low inflation in a timely fashion. The second scenario, sharp downturn, assumes an upward drift in inflation expectations, which triggers additional synchronous monetary policy tightening by major central banks. In this scenario, the global economy would still escape a recession in 2023 but would experience a sharp downturn without restoring low inflation by the end of the forecast horizon. In the third scenario, global recession, additional increases in policy rates would trigger a sharp re-pricing of risk in global financial markets and result in a global recession in 2023. If the ongoing global slowdown turns into a recession, the global economy could end up experiencing large permanent output losses relative to its pre-pandemic trend. This would have severe consequences for the long-term growth prospects of emerging market and developing economies that were already hit hard by the pandemic-induced global recession of 2020.
Policy responses. Policymakers need to navigate a narrow path that requires a comprehensive set of demand- and supply-side measures. On the demand side, monetary policy must be employed consistently to restore, in a timely manner, price stability. Fiscal policy needs to prioritize medium-term debt sustainability while providing targeted support to vulnerable groups. Policymakers need to stand ready to manage the potential spillovers from globally synchronous withdrawal of policies supporting growth. On the supply-side, they need to put in place measures to ease the constraints that confront labor markets, energy markets, and trade networks.
Source: World Bank
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Friday, 18 November 22
REALITIES OF LOI LIABILITIES - BALTIC EXCHANGE
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
The cargo misdelivery claim in Trafigura Maritime Logistics Pte Ltd v. Clearlake Shipping Pte Ltd (Miracle Hope) [2022] E ...
Tuesday, 15 November 22
CHINA SEES RISING COAL STORAGE AMID SUPPLY PUSH - XINHUA
Coal stockpiles at China’s power plants have seen considerable increases, ensuring energy supply for the winter, the country’s energy r ...
Tuesday, 15 November 22
SEABORNE THERMAL COAL PRICES START TO EASE, BUT PROCESS IS UNEVEN - REUTERS
Prices for seaborne thermal coal have started to drop as fears of a winter energy crunch ease, but the rate of decline has varied across the differ ...
Thursday, 10 November 22
INDIA: THERMAL PLANTS HAVE ADEQUATE COAL STOCKS AT 25.6 MILLION TONNES, SAYS GOVT - IANS
The coal stock with domestic dry fuel-based power plants, as on October 31, was 25.6 million tonnes, the government said, adding that the availabil ...
Tuesday, 08 November 22
OUTLOOK ON CHINA’S WEAKENED BASIC MATERIALS SECTOR CLOUDED BY POLICY SWINGS - FITCH RATINGS
Fitch Ratings expects basic materials demand in China to improve qoq in 4Q22, driven by seasonally higher construction activity, solid infrastructu ...
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- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Australian Coal Association
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Planning Commission, India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
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