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Tuesday, 03 December 19
STABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF VERY LOW SULPHUR FUEL OILS - GARD
 In order to meet increasing restrictions on the sulphur content in marine fuel as defined by MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14.1.3, the characteristics of the blending component feedstocks, method of production and type of cutter stocks used may be different from those in use today. As a result, marine fuels post 2020, i.e. max 0.50% blended fuels, are expected to result in a wide range of fuel formulations and characteristics and, consequently, an increased risk of instability and incompatibility compared with most fuels currently being used.
The aim of the International Council on Combustion Engines’ (CIMAC) new guideline, Marine fuel handling in connection to stability and compatibility, is to provide a practical and working understanding of the definitions of stability and compatibility of residual marine fuel oils and how these two fuel properties may be best managed in the supply chain and on-board ships. The guideline also covers the accepted available test methodologies for stability and for predicting compatibility, as well as their applicability and correct interpretation.
CIMAC is a project sponsor of the Joint Industry Guidance on the supply and use of 0.50% – sulphur marine fuel which was released in August 2019. The new CIMAC guideline builds on the Joint Industry Guidance and provides practical and detailed advice on fuel handling that should be required reading for those responsible for procurement of bunkers and fuel management onboard for vessels using residual fuels.
Stability vs compatibility
Residual fuel oils contain asphaltenes which is a generic term covering a wide range of heavier hydrocarbon structures of high molecular weight and high carbon/hydrogen ratios. If the asphaltenes cannot be retained in their suspended state, they will drop out as sludge and the fuel becomes unstable – also called ‘asphaltene precipitation’. The sludge is difficult to remove and in the worst case can harden into “coke like material” that must be removed manually.
The stability of a residual fuel is defined by its resistance to precipitate asphaltenic sludge despite being subjected to forces, such as thermal and ageing stresses, while handled and stored under normal operating conditions.
While stability is a characteristic of a single fuel as supplied, compatibility is the ability of two or more fuels to be comingled without evidence of material separation; or in other words, no asphaltenes precipitating when the fuels are mixed. Two perfectly stable fuels may be incompatible when mixed. Two stable fuels that are compatible at some mixing ratios may also be incompatible at other mixing ratios. It is therefore critical to properly test for compatibility before commingling.
From a ship perspective, the impact of an unstable fuel is identical to the impact of having mixed two incompatible fuels. In both instances, excessive sludge concentration may form in tanks and can readily choke purifiers, filters, fuel injection equipment and even fuel lines themselves. However, the responsibilities are very different. “It is the responsibility of the supplier to provide a stable product whereas it is the responsibility of the engineers on board to apply best fuel management practice to mitigate the risk associated with mixing incompatible fuels” states CIMAC.
Key recommendations
In order to mitigate the risk of a fuel becoming unstable on board, CIMAC recommends all marine fuels be purchased under ISO 8217:2017, including the information given in the ISO/PAS 23263:2019. Furthermore, ships’ crews are advised to apply a “first-in first-out” fuel inventory principle and make every effort to prevent the fuel being unnecessarily heated over extended periods.
Commingling of bunker fuel is never recommended but if there is no other option than to load on top in the bunker tank, CIMAC recommends that compatibility checks are made using actual ratios or if not known then ratios of around 10/90, 50/50 and 90/10 are recommended as a minimum. CIMAC also emphasizes on controlled laboratory testing for determining stability or compatibility.
The guideline in its entirety is available on the CIMAC website.
Further reading
Reference is also made to our publications Marine fuel – a toxic mix? and Contaminated bunkers: protecting the purchaser, highlighting some learning points from the “Houston contaminated bunker” cases in 2018. Our Alert Is the fuel in your emergency equipment fit for the purpose? emphasizes the importance of ensuring quality fuel being used for emergency equipment.
Source: Gard
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Tuesday, 17 December 19
AUSTRALIA ENERGY MARKET OPERATOR TURNS SCROOGE ON COAL LOBBY: RUSSELL
Australia, which vies with Indonesia for the title of the world’s largest coal exporter, is planning for an electricity future where use of t ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
BACK TO FUTURE FOR BUSH AS AUSTRALIA CONSIDERS MOVING AWAY FROM COAL NEWCASTLE - HERALD
Looking backwards could show the way forward for regional communities planning for a future beyond mining.
One of Australia’s ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
CHINA TAIYUAN COAL TRANSACTION PRICE INDEX DOWN 0.01 PCT - XINHUA
China Taiyuan coal transaction price index stood at 133.16 points, down 0.01 percent week on week.
The index, released by China Taiy ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
YEAR 2019: IT IS LOOKING SET THAT THIS YEAR WILL BE ONE OF THE SLOWEST IN TERMS OF DRY BULK NEWBUILDING ACTIVITY - ALLIED
With just two weeks remaining before 2019 comes to an end, it is now looking set that this year will be one of the slowest in terms of dry bulk new ...
Monday, 16 December 19
ULTRAMAX: A 63,000DWT SHIP FIXING DELIVERY FOR A SINGAPORE TRIP VIA INDONESIA, FOR RE-DELIVERY TO CHINA AT $11,000 - BALTIC BRIEFING
Capesize
It was one-way traffic for the Capesize market this past week, with all routes giving up value. While downward momentum may have slowe ...
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Showing 1241 to 1245 news of total 6871 |
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- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- PTC India Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
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