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Tuesday, 03 December 19
STABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF VERY LOW SULPHUR FUEL OILS - GARD
 In order to meet increasing restrictions on the sulphur content in marine fuel as defined by MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14.1.3, the characteristics of the blending component feedstocks, method of production and type of cutter stocks used may be different from those in use today. As a result, marine fuels post 2020, i.e. max 0.50% blended fuels, are expected to result in a wide range of fuel formulations and characteristics and, consequently, an increased risk of instability and incompatibility compared with most fuels currently being used.
The aim of the International Council on Combustion Engines’ (CIMAC) new guideline, Marine fuel handling in connection to stability and compatibility, is to provide a practical and working understanding of the definitions of stability and compatibility of residual marine fuel oils and how these two fuel properties may be best managed in the supply chain and on-board ships. The guideline also covers the accepted available test methodologies for stability and for predicting compatibility, as well as their applicability and correct interpretation.
CIMAC is a project sponsor of the Joint Industry Guidance on the supply and use of 0.50% – sulphur marine fuel which was released in August 2019. The new CIMAC guideline builds on the Joint Industry Guidance and provides practical and detailed advice on fuel handling that should be required reading for those responsible for procurement of bunkers and fuel management onboard for vessels using residual fuels.
Stability vs compatibility
Residual fuel oils contain asphaltenes which is a generic term covering a wide range of heavier hydrocarbon structures of high molecular weight and high carbon/hydrogen ratios. If the asphaltenes cannot be retained in their suspended state, they will drop out as sludge and the fuel becomes unstable – also called ‘asphaltene precipitation’. The sludge is difficult to remove and in the worst case can harden into “coke like material” that must be removed manually.
The stability of a residual fuel is defined by its resistance to precipitate asphaltenic sludge despite being subjected to forces, such as thermal and ageing stresses, while handled and stored under normal operating conditions.
While stability is a characteristic of a single fuel as supplied, compatibility is the ability of two or more fuels to be comingled without evidence of material separation; or in other words, no asphaltenes precipitating when the fuels are mixed. Two perfectly stable fuels may be incompatible when mixed. Two stable fuels that are compatible at some mixing ratios may also be incompatible at other mixing ratios. It is therefore critical to properly test for compatibility before commingling.
From a ship perspective, the impact of an unstable fuel is identical to the impact of having mixed two incompatible fuels. In both instances, excessive sludge concentration may form in tanks and can readily choke purifiers, filters, fuel injection equipment and even fuel lines themselves. However, the responsibilities are very different. “It is the responsibility of the supplier to provide a stable product whereas it is the responsibility of the engineers on board to apply best fuel management practice to mitigate the risk associated with mixing incompatible fuels” states CIMAC.
Key recommendations
In order to mitigate the risk of a fuel becoming unstable on board, CIMAC recommends all marine fuels be purchased under ISO 8217:2017, including the information given in the ISO/PAS 23263:2019. Furthermore, ships’ crews are advised to apply a “first-in first-out” fuel inventory principle and make every effort to prevent the fuel being unnecessarily heated over extended periods.
Commingling of bunker fuel is never recommended but if there is no other option than to load on top in the bunker tank, CIMAC recommends that compatibility checks are made using actual ratios or if not known then ratios of around 10/90, 50/50 and 90/10 are recommended as a minimum. CIMAC also emphasizes on controlled laboratory testing for determining stability or compatibility.
The guideline in its entirety is available on the CIMAC website.
Further reading
Reference is also made to our publications Marine fuel – a toxic mix? and Contaminated bunkers: protecting the purchaser, highlighting some learning points from the “Houston contaminated bunker” cases in 2018. Our Alert Is the fuel in your emergency equipment fit for the purpose? emphasizes the importance of ensuring quality fuel being used for emergency equipment.
Source: Gard
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Tuesday, 17 December 19
AUSTRALIA ENERGY MARKET OPERATOR TURNS SCROOGE ON COAL LOBBY: RUSSELL
Australia, which vies with Indonesia for the title of the world’s largest coal exporter, is planning for an electricity future where use of t ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
BACK TO FUTURE FOR BUSH AS AUSTRALIA CONSIDERS MOVING AWAY FROM COAL NEWCASTLE - HERALD
Looking backwards could show the way forward for regional communities planning for a future beyond mining.
One of Australia’s ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
CHINA TAIYUAN COAL TRANSACTION PRICE INDEX DOWN 0.01 PCT - XINHUA
China Taiyuan coal transaction price index stood at 133.16 points, down 0.01 percent week on week.
The index, released by China Taiy ...
Tuesday, 17 December 19
YEAR 2019: IT IS LOOKING SET THAT THIS YEAR WILL BE ONE OF THE SLOWEST IN TERMS OF DRY BULK NEWBUILDING ACTIVITY - ALLIED
With just two weeks remaining before 2019 comes to an end, it is now looking set that this year will be one of the slowest in terms of dry bulk new ...
Monday, 16 December 19
ULTRAMAX: A 63,000DWT SHIP FIXING DELIVERY FOR A SINGAPORE TRIP VIA INDONESIA, FOR RE-DELIVERY TO CHINA AT $11,000 - BALTIC BRIEFING
Capesize
It was one-way traffic for the Capesize market this past week, with all routes giving up value. While downward momentum may have slowe ...
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Showing 1241 to 1245 news of total 6871 |
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- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- PTC India Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
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