We welcome article submissions from experts in the areas of coal, mining,
shipping, etc.
To Submit your article please click here.
|
|
|
Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
If you believe an article violates your rights or the rights of others, please contact us.
|
|
Thursday, 07 September 17
CAPESIZE: EARNINGS FOR THE BIG SHIPS KEEP UP NICELY AS DIPS ARE MODERATE AND SHORT-LIVED - FEARNLEYS
Supramax
Fewer activities in the Atlantic in start of the week with the US holidays. Owners were asking around low USD 20k for trip ex USG to Far ...
Thursday, 07 September 17
TALK OF CONSTRAINTS ON CHINESE COAL OUTPUT PUSHED PRICES HIGHER - DANIEL HYNES
Commodity markets were largely higher as a weaker USD boosted investor appetite.
According to Daniel Hynes, Senior Commodity Strategist at ANZ ...
Wednesday, 06 September 17
LAYTIME - CHARTERERS' RIGHTS & PORT COSTS - NORTH P&I CLUB
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
In a recent London Arbitration decision (18/17) the Tribunal had to consider whether the owners were entitled to recover ...
Wednesday, 06 September 17
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - STELIOS KOLLINTZAS
The impact of Hurricane Harvey, which made landfall on 25th of August in South East coastline of Texas area has been the major concern of the shipp ...
Tuesday, 05 September 17
COAL: A STRONG MOVEMENT IN THE COAL MARKET OVER THE SUMMER MONTHS - GEORGE LAZARIDIS
We have been witnessing a strong movement in the coal market over the summer months something that has not only helped boost prices for the commodi ...
|
|
|
Showing 1951 to 1955 news of total 6871 |
|
 |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
 |
|
|
| |
|
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Planning Commission, India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Minerals Council of Australia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- White Energy Company Limited
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- The University of Queensland
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
|
| |
| |
|
