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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Monday, 11 September 17
A PUNCHY WEEK FOR THE BIG SHIPS AS THE RATE FOR WEST AUSTRALIA TO CHINA HIT $8.00 THE FIRST TIME IN NEARLY THREE YEARS - BALTIC EXCHANGE
Capesize
A punchy week for the big ships as the rate for West Australia/China hit $8.00 the first time in nearly three years. A Jiangsu Steamship ...
Monday, 11 September 17
INDONESIAN ICPR SURGES HIGHER, POSTS BIGGEST MONTHLY RISE SINCE DECEMBER 2016, ESDM DATA SHOWS
COALspot.com: Indonesian coal benchmark price surges 9.60% in September, government data showed.
The benchmark price of Indonesian th ...
Monday, 11 September 17
KOMIPO INVITED BIDS FOR TOTAL 6.235 MMT OF 5700 AND 5100 NAR COAL FOR 2017 TO 2022 LOADING
COALspot.com: South Korea state-owned utility Korea Midland Power (KOMIPO) issued an another new tender for total 1,590,000 Metric Tons of Bitumino ...
Monday, 11 September 17
THE FREIGHT MARKET ROSE WEEK OVER WEEK; BCI UP 22.22% & BPI UP 14.77%
COALspot.com: The freight market rose in all segments week over week. Mainly Cape and Panamax have supported to pushed up BDI this past week, BDI, ...
Friday, 08 September 17
MIXED SIGNALS ON REFINERY PREPARATIONS FOR 2020 FUEL CHANGES - IBIA
A recent consultancy survey has suggested that some 85% of refiners have not made plans for how to deal with the expected dramatic fall in g ...
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Showing 1946 to 1950 news of total 6871 |
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- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- The University of Queensland
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
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