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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Wednesday, 20 September 17
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
An undoubtedly interesting market lately is the newbuilding market, in which we are witnessing numerous orders across all sectors and sizes. At the ...
Monday, 18 September 17
COAL PRICES WERE RELATIVELY UNCHANGED WEEK OVER WEEK - ANZ
COALspot.com: Coal prices were relatively unchanged, with most interest remaining in the thermal coal market said Daniel Hynes. However, falling st ...
Monday, 18 September 17
PROSPECTS ARE NOT SO CLEAR CUT FOR COAL - CLARKSONS
Prospects are not so clear-cut for coal. According to Clarksons, coal has been a key energy source since the Industrial Revolution and in 2016, ste ...
Friday, 15 September 17
U.S WEEKLY COAL OUTPUT DROPS FOR THE THIRD WEEK IN A ROW, EIA DATA SHOWS
COALspot.com – U.S., the world’s second largest coal producers have produced approximately totalled an estimated 15.7 million short ton ...
Thursday, 14 September 17
THE FIRM COAL TRADE IS SUPPORTING SUPRAS; FIXING AROUND LOW $13000 WITH DELIVERY THAILAND - FEARNLEYS
Supramax
This week has brought Supras firm rates and numerous orders. Scrap orders from Cont to Med still pay $11000 and Fertilizer from Baltic t ...
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Showing 1936 to 1940 news of total 6871 |
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- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- The University of Queensland
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Australian Coal Association
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- White Energy Company Limited
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