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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Thursday, 12 October 17
THERMAL COAL PRICES IN EUROPE AND ASIA PUSHING HIGHER - DANIEL HYNES
Coal markets took the lead from the oil market, with thermal coal prices in Europe and Asia pushing higher says Daniel Hynes,Senior Commodity Strat ...
Wednesday, 11 October 17
2020 DEBATE AT IBIA'S LISW EVENT: COMPLIANCE & ENFORCEMENT – IT'S COMPLICATED : IBIA
There is no doubt about the start date for the 0.50% marine fuel sulphur limit in MARPOL Annex VI, but questions remain around how it will be enfor ...
Wednesday, 11 October 17
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - TIMOS PPADIMITRIOU
With the majority of second-hand tonnage transactions taking place in the dry bulk sector it’s easy to lose sight of what is happening over a ...
Tuesday, 10 October 17
DELIVERY OF CARGO WITHOUT ORIGINAL BILLS OF LADING - UK P&I CLUB
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
- It is common in a lot of trades, whether bulk or oil, to accept a Letter of Indemnity (“LOI”) for non-produ ...
Monday, 09 October 17
INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE HITS NEW HIGH FOR 2017
COALspot.com: Indonesian coal benchmark price surges 2.13% in October month over month, the latest ministerial decree showed.
The benchmark pr ...
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Showing 1916 to 1920 news of total 6871 |
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- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- PTC India Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Planning Commission, India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- White Energy Company Limited
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
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