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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Wednesday, 08 November 17
COAL MARKETS WERE MIXED; COKING COAL EKING OUT SOME GAINS; THERMAL COAL STRUGGLING - DANIEL HYNES
Coal markets were mixed, with coking coal eking out some gains, while thermal coal struggled amid the falling oil prices, ANZ Strategist said in a ...
Wednesday, 08 November 17
WEEKLY SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT
If you are a dry bulk owner today you are definitely feeling the pressure of the past couple of years off and given the admittedly unexpected growt ...
Wednesday, 08 November 17
NEW QUAY OPENED AT THE INDUSTRIAL PORT IN BREMEN,GERMAN
Press Release: After a building period lasting three-and-a-half years, the port logistics firm Weserport, the “bremenports” comp ...
Tuesday, 07 November 17
ING JOINS FORCES ON BLOCKCHAIN-BASED PLATFORM FOR ENERGY COMMODITIES SECTOR
Blockchain technology. It’s often been described as the most important invention in computing in a generation.
So it should come as no s ...
Tuesday, 07 November 17
MECHEL SIGNED LONG-TERM COAL SUPPLY CONTRACT WITH ITOCHU CORPORATION
Mechel PAO a leading Russian mining and metals company, reports signing a framework agreement with a major Japanese universal trading company Itoch ...
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Showing 1886 to 1890 news of total 6871 |
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- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Planning Commission, India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Australian Coal Association
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
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