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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Thursday, 07 December 17
SUPRAMAX: CHINA TO INDIA FIXING AT MID US$ 8000 - FEARNLEYS
Supramax
There has been quite some activity in the Atlantic basin this week, rates out of USG are still firm, trips to Emed gone through at low/m ...
Thursday, 07 December 17
THE ROLE OF COAL - AN INCONVENIENT TRUTH - BENJAMIN SPORTON, WCA
At the climate talks in Bonn, a global alliance to phase out coal was launched. This, along with other rhetoric about developments in the energy se ...
Wednesday, 06 December 17
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - VASILIS VASILEIOU
Moving towards the end of 2017, we are facing a relatively slack period of business in the ship repair sector. The repair market has already mature ...
Tuesday, 05 December 17
DOES BITCOIN HAVE A FUTURE IN SHIPPING? - ALIBRA SHIPPING
Google now receives more search requests for Bitcoin than for Kim Kardashian, Beyoncé and Taylor Swift combined. This week, a shipping compa ...
Tuesday, 05 December 17
OIL PRICES HAVE GAINED SOME TRACTION THESE PAST FEW DAYS ON TALKS OF ANOTHER OPEC & RUSSIA PRODUCTION CUT EXTENSION - GERRY LATHROP
Oil prices have gained some traction these past few days on talks of another OPEC (including non-OPEC Russia) production cut extension.
The cu ...
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Showing 1856 to 1860 news of total 6871 |
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- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- The University of Queensland
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- White Energy Company Limited
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
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