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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Thursday, 11 January 18
SUPRAMAX: INDO TO CHINA COAL ROUNDS FIXING AT AROUND $10K - FEARNLEYS
Supramax
USG rates improved both for backhaul and fronthaul, Ultras from USG to Japan receiving around $26k daily while supras 1-2k less for same ...
Wednesday, 10 January 18
2018: IT IS PROJECTED, THE SHIPBUILDERS WILL DELIVER FOUR HUNDRED FORTY NEW VESSELS IN 2018
Headlines from IMF's 2017 – World Economic Outlook:
January 2017 - “After a lacklustre outturn in 2016, economic activity is p ...
Tuesday, 09 January 18
INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT DECLARED COAL REFERENCE PRICE UP IN JANUARY
COALspot.com: the Indonesian Coal Price Reference ( HBA) rose 1.60 per cent in January 2018, the latest ministerial decree showed.
The benchma ...
Friday, 05 January 18
U.S. WEEKLY COAL OUTPUT FELL 32.4% PER CENT WEEK OVER WEEK, SAYS EIA
COALspot.com – U.S., the world’s second largest coal producers have produced approximately totaled an estimated 10.5 million short tons ...
Friday, 05 January 18
COAL DEMAND TO REMAIN FLAT TO 2022, RESULTING IN A DECADE OF STAGNATION - IEA
Global demand for coal should remain nearly flat between 2017 and 2022, resulting in a decade of stagnation for coal consumption, according to the ...
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Showing 1831 to 1835 news of total 6871 |
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- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- The University of Queensland
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Planning Commission, India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
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