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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Friday, 09 February 18
COAL BUYERS SPOOKED BY INDONESIA'S NEW SHIPPING RULES - ASSOC
Buyers of Indonesian coal are holding back orders of the fuel after the government issued new shipping rules for coal and crude palm oil that would ...
Thursday, 08 February 18
ENHANCED PRODUCTION BY COAL INDIA LIMITED HELPS DECLINE IN COAL IMPORTS - UNION MINISTER OF RAILWAYS AND COAL
According to press release from PIB, as per the current import policy, coal is kept under Open General License (OGL) and consumers are free to impo ...
Thursday, 08 February 18
A NEW WEEK WITH A SOFT SENTIMENT AND DECREASING RATES IN BOTH HEMISPHERE FOR THE PANAMAXES, SAYS FEARNLEYS
Supramax
USG dropping remarkably due to lack of fresh enquiry both for fhaul and bhaul, Supras were fixed from USG to Spore-Japan range now aroun ...
Wednesday, 07 February 18
INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE RISES TO HIT THIRTEEN-MONTH HIGH OF $100.69 A TON
COALspot.com: The Indonesian Coal Price Reference (HBA) rose 5.39 per cent in February 2018, the latest ministerial decree showed.
The benchma ...
Wednesday, 07 February 18
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - KATERINA RESTIS
Crude oil supply has been reported to have grown by approx. 2.5% reaching 40.1m bpd in 2017. However, tanker charter rates have been under pressure ...
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Showing 1811 to 1815 news of total 6871 |
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- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Minerals Council of Australia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- The University of Queensland
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
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