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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Tuesday, 28 August 18
COURT CONCLUDES DELIVERY MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH TERMS OF LOIS - INCE&CO
Glencore Agriculture BV v Navig8 Chemicals Pool Inc (Songa Winds) [2018] EWCA 1901 (Civ)
In this case, the Commercial Court fo ...
Tuesday, 28 August 18
SUPRAMAX: A COAL TRIP VIA INDONESIA PAID $13,500 ON A 56,000DWT TO WC INDIA - BALTIC BRIEFING
Capesize
The Singapore holiday mid-week disrupted trading and unsettled the market, with owners losing some resilience. The market took on a la ...
Tuesday, 28 August 18
SHIPPING MARKET UPDATE - GEORGE LAZARIDIS
As we edge close to the start of the Autumn Season, a period within the year that is usually characterized as the pivot point from the final quarte ...
Friday, 24 August 18
KOREAN RESTRICTIONS ON COAL SULPHUR IMPACTING HUNTER EXPORTS - THE HERALD
WARNINGS that Korean restrictions on sulphur levels in coal could hurt the Hunter industry appear to have been accurate, according to a report in t ...
Thursday, 23 August 18
RUSSIA'S MECHEL PRODUCED 9.69 MMT OF RUN-OF-MINE COAL IN 1H'2018
Mechel PAO, one of the leading Russian mining and metals companies, announces 1H2018 operational results.
Mechel PAO’s Chief E ...
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Showing 1636 to 1640 news of total 6871 |
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- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- White Energy Company Limited
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- PTC India Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
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