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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Wednesday, 12 September 18
MARINE BUNKERS: THE END OF THE WORLD AS WE KNOW IT - IBIA
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
The world of bunkers is heading for rapid and fundamental changes and not just because of the 0.50% sulphur cap in 2020. ...
Wednesday, 12 September 18
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - THEODORE NTALAKOS
A recovery in the shipping market since last year has buoyed optimism amongst the people in the industry. Yet if you are to ask most ship-owners if ...
Monday, 10 September 18
HANDYSIZE: PERIOD ACTIVITY REMAINED LIMITED WITH A 37,000DWT REPORTEDLY FIXED FOR FOUR TO SIX MONTHS AT $10,500, OPEN IN MALAYSIA IN MID-SEPTEMBER - BALTIC BRIEFING
Capesize
Rates came under pressure for the big ships last week, despite paper values holding at reasonable levels as these trades continued to ...
Thursday, 06 September 18
INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE FALLS FOR FIRST TIME IN 3 MONTHS
COALspot.com: The benchmark price of Indonesian thermal coal falls for first time in three months.
According to the latest min ...
Thursday, 06 September 18
SUPRAMAX: SE ASIA-INDO ROUNDS WITH COAL HAVE BEEN CONCLUDED IN THE $13000S RANGE - FEARNLEYS
Capesize
The big ships experiencing a bump in the road towards what is commonly expected to be by far the best period of this year. Average dai ...
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Showing 1626 to 1630 news of total 6871 |
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- Australian Coal Association
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Planning Commission, India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- The University of Queensland
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
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