We welcome article submissions from experts in the areas of coal, mining,
shipping, etc.
To Submit your article please click here.
|
|
|
Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
If you believe an article violates your rights or the rights of others, please contact us.
|
|
Wednesday, 05 September 18
ASIAN DEMAND COULD CREATE DEFICIT IN GLOBAL LNG MARKET - FITCH RATINGS
Growing gas demand from Asia, particularly from China, could swing the liquefied natural gas (LNG) market into a deficit by 2022-2025, Fitch Rating ...
Tuesday, 04 September 18
SUPRAMAX: THE ASIAN SECTOR REMAINED ACTIVE WITH RATES STILL FIRM ESPECIALLY IN SE ASIA - BALTIC BRIEFING
Capesize
A turnaround in fortunes for the big ships, with a few slower days in the market. A build-up of tonnage and a lack of Brazil cargoes r ...
Thursday, 30 August 18
SUPRAMAX: CIS COAL TO FAR EAST WENT AT MID TENS AND TO SE ASIA AT CA USD 8000 - FEARNLEYS
Capesize
There was a slow start this week with holiday in UK on Monday. The index has been slowly coming off since then; The C5 route has seen ...
Wednesday, 29 August 18
MID-YEAR FY19 POWER OUTLOOK: IMPORTED COAL REQUIREMENT TO INCREASE DURING REMAINING FY19: IND-RA
India Ratings and Research (Ind-Ra) has maintained a stable-to-negative outlook on the Indian power sector for the remaining FY19, despite a rise i ...
Wednesday, 29 August 18
IMPACT ON CHARTERPARTIES - TIME TO ACT NOW : NORTH P&I CLUB
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
The challenges introduced by the global sulphur cap are not exclusively technical. The new limits are likely to impact co ...
|
|
|
Showing 1631 to 1635 news of total 6871 |
|
 |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
 |
|
|
| |
|
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- White Energy Company Limited
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- The University of Queensland
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
|
| |
| |
|
