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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Monday, 01 October 18
A NO-DEAL BREXIT WILL UNDOUBTEDLY HAVE CONSEQUENCES FOR IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS - KATE JONES, THE BALTIC BRIEFING
If you live in the UK, you might be finding it difficult to get away from the Brexit debate. “Hard Brexit”, “soft Brexit”, ...
Friday, 28 September 18
INDONESIA 2018 COAL OUTPUT TARGET NOW AROUND 507 MLN T - ENERGY MINISTRY : REUTERS
Indonesia has increased its 2018 coal production target to around 507 million tonnes from a previous target of 485 million tonnes, the Energy Minis ...
Friday, 28 September 18
FITCH RATINGS: METALLURGICAL COAL MINERS MAY CURB COSTS AS PRICES SLIP
Strong cost inflation in the global metallurgical coal sector suggests that miners may focus on cost controls as prices decline from their current ...
Wednesday, 26 September 18
IS YOUR CHARTER PARTY READY FOR 2020? - METTE KRONHOLM FRAENDE, BIMCO
As the deadline for the IMO’s global low-sulphur fuel requirements fast approaches, it is necessary to carefully check the bunker clauses in ...
Wednesday, 26 September 18
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - GEORGE ILIOPOULOS
Despite the fact that the dry bulk SnP market saw an admittedly busy summer season, there is a noticeable slowdown in activity during the past thre ...
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Showing 1606 to 1610 news of total 6871 |
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- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- White Energy Company Limited
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- PTC India Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- The University of Queensland
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Planning Commission, India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
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