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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Wednesday, 03 October 18
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - KATERINA RESTIS
The bunker fuel supply and availability landscape is close to its transformation with the enforcement of the IMO’s global 0.5% fuel Sulphur c ...
Tuesday, 02 October 18
PANAMAX: A FURTHER RISE ACROSS ALL MAIN ROUTES THIS WEEK - ALLIED
Capesize
Finally an upward recovery was in sight in the spot market the past few days, after the prolonged negative pressure noted the weeks pr ...
Tuesday, 02 October 18
THE PRICE OF OIL CONTINUES ITS CLIMB AMIDST A SERIES OF CONCERNS REGARDING SUPPLY CONSTRAINTS - GEORGE LAZARIDIS
It has been a busy week for oil traders as the price of oil continues its climb amidst a series of concerns regarding supply constraints.
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Tuesday, 02 October 18
INDONESIA GETS READY TO MEET INCREASED COAL DEMAND FROM CHINA, FREIGHT TO RESPOND - MIKAL BOE
Indonesian coal suppliers have increased their domestic coal production target by 4.5 percent from a previous 485 million tonnes to a massive 507 m ...
Monday, 01 October 18
SUPRAMAX: A 56,000 DWT FIXED DELIVERY FOR A SURABAYA TRIP WITH REDELIVERY TO WEST COAST INDIA AT $13,500 - THE BALTIC BRIEFING
Capesize
A stop-start market for the big ships with many expectations and few fulfilled. Holidays curtailed trading early in the week, but the ...
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Showing 1601 to 1605 news of total 6871 |
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- Minerals Council of Australia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Planning Commission, India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- PTC India Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- The University of Queensland
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- VISA Power Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
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