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Saturday, 29 May 21
SKULD’S IMO 2020 SULPHUR CAP EXPERIENCE
 More than a year has passed since the International Maritime Organization (IMO) mandate for the 0.50% sulphur cap for marine fuel (MARPOL Annex VI) came into force. The regulation orders ships to only use marine fuels with a sulphur content of no more than 0.50% sulphur. Ships fitted with an approved type of exhaust gas cleaning system (EGCS) or scrubbers may continue to use high sulphur fuel oils. This mandate is part of the IMO efforts to reduce air pollution and improve health and environmental conditions especially for communities close to coastal areas or ports.
Prior to 1 January 2020, there were extensive discussions in the industry on what to expect regarding the challenges VLSFO would pose in terms of operational issues and engine damage as well as challenges regarding supply of VLSFO. The most frequent parameter limits deviating from the ISO 8217 standard, reported by our members and clients, are TSP (Total Sediments Potential), Aluminium and Silicon, Sulphur, Pour Point, Flash Point and Viscosity. We see several cases regarding increased sludge deposits in the fuel system, increased sludge accumulation in the purifiers, as well as clogged fuel oil filters. Others have experienced increased wear and tear of cylinder liners, broken piston rings, fuel pumps or other components, due to increased amounts of catalytic fines in the fuel oil. Some members have de-bunkered fuel which cannot be handled and treated onboard.
Interestingly, the number of claims reported to Skuld are not significantly higher for VLSFO compared to other fuel. If we look at the bad bunker cases in 2019 (FDD and CLH) the number of claims are higher than before the introduction of the IMO 2020 fuel. In 2019 Skuld saw 435 bunker related claims on FDD and CLH combined, compared to 369 in 2020. Skuld also experiences a decrease in bunker related issues and claims in Q1 of 2021 compared to Q1 in 2020. In total, Skuld can report 30 cases so far in 2021.
Skuld always advises its members and clients to perform a proper due diligence when ordering or procuring bunker. It is very important to always conduct a vetting procedure when selecting good bunker suppliers. Always check the sales terms like time bars, sampling clause as well as the warranty as to the fitness of the fuel. Always ask for documentation of fuel batches from the fuel supplier. Ask, and always check the Certificate of Quality prior to bunkering. We also recommend the ISO 8217:2017 standard rather than the more commonly used ISO 8217:2010. Also, avoid mixing of different types of fuels, as VLSFO is very sensitive and even small amounts of co-mingling will make the fuel unstable.
When using VLSFO blends the operators should be aware of the potential operational challenges they may be facing. ISO 8217 does not include testing for WAT (Wax Appearance Temperature) and WDT (Wax Disappearance Temperature), thus measuring only the Pour Point is insufficient to determine the cold flow properties of the fuel. When the WAT and WDT results are high the operator needs to consider increasing the temperature setting of the purifiers, as well as the storage, settling and service tanks.
VLSFO blends which tend to become unstable contain high sediments that tend to fall out of suspension when the fuel is heated above the required temperature. The fuel temperature must then be reduced and maintained as per separator manufacturer’s recommendations. VLSFO with low viscosity, but with a high WDT / WAT, needs to be heated to ensure correct viscosity or stable flow and to prevent wax formation. There is also a risk of operational issues such as wax formation when the fuel temperature drops below the WAT. Fuel with low viscosity, high WDT/WAT and high level of Aluminium + Silicon (cat fines) might be difficult to treat onboard.
Skuld’s members and clients have experienced that the IMO 2020 0.50% Sulphur Cap presents some additional challenges. As a new type of marine fuel being introduced in the industry, crew onboard did not have enough experience on how to handle and treat this type of fuel at the start of 2020. Operational issues, not linked to the fuel quality but more on the understanding of the characteristics or nature of VLSFO, have included issues related to the paraffinic nature of the fuel, cold flow properties, lower viscosity, as well as other parameters. Today, Skuld sees a greater understanding by the industry and operators and less of those ‘mysterious’ problems involving filter clogging and purification problems experienced in the first and second quarter of 2020. The onboard operators are increasingly more familiar with the actual characteristics or nature of VLSFO.
In Skuld’s opinion so far, the IMO 2020 Sulphur Cap represents a successful transition.
Source: Skuld
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Sunday, 18 April 21
WORLDSTEEL RAISES 2021 STEEL DEMAND GROWTH FORECAST TO 5.8% - WORLDSTEEL
The World Steel Association (worldsteel) today released its Short Range Outlook (SRO) for 2021 and 2022. worldsteel forecasts that steel demand wil ...
Sunday, 18 April 21
CHINA'S Q1 COAL OUTPUT RISES 16% ON STRONG DEMAND FOR WINTER HEATING - REUTERS
China’s coal output rose 16% in the first quarter from the same period last year, bolstered by strong demand for winter heating and robust in ...
Wednesday, 14 April 21
INDIA HAS A RECORD LEVEL OF STOCKPILED COAL DAMPENING NEED FOR NEW DOMESTIC MINES - IEEFA
Proposed coal mining expansions at odds with excess supply
India has stockpiled a record 132 million tonnes of coal – enough t ...
Wednesday, 14 April 21
BANGLADESH NEEDS A RENEWABLES FOCUS, NOT A SWITCH FROM 'COAL TO GAS' - IEEFA
Renewables are cheaper and more sustainable than gas imports, and can provide better energy security in developing nations
The emerg ...
Wednesday, 14 April 21
CHINA TAIYUAN COAL TRANSACTION PRICE INDEX DOWN 1.10 PCT - XINHUA
China Taiyuan coal transaction price index stood at 138.05 points Monday, down 1.10 percent week on week.
The index, released by Chi ...
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- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- White Energy Company Limited
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- PTC India Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Australian Coal Association
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- The University of Queensland
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
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