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Saturday, 29 May 21
SKULD’S IMO 2020 SULPHUR CAP EXPERIENCE
 More than a year has passed since the International Maritime Organization (IMO) mandate for the 0.50% sulphur cap for marine fuel (MARPOL Annex VI) came into force. The regulation orders ships to only use marine fuels with a sulphur content of no more than 0.50% sulphur. Ships fitted with an approved type of exhaust gas cleaning system (EGCS) or scrubbers may continue to use high sulphur fuel oils. This mandate is part of the IMO efforts to reduce air pollution and improve health and environmental conditions especially for communities close to coastal areas or ports.
Prior to 1 January 2020, there were extensive discussions in the industry on what to expect regarding the challenges VLSFO would pose in terms of operational issues and engine damage as well as challenges regarding supply of VLSFO. The most frequent parameter limits deviating from the ISO 8217 standard, reported by our members and clients, are TSP (Total Sediments Potential), Aluminium and Silicon, Sulphur, Pour Point, Flash Point and Viscosity. We see several cases regarding increased sludge deposits in the fuel system, increased sludge accumulation in the purifiers, as well as clogged fuel oil filters. Others have experienced increased wear and tear of cylinder liners, broken piston rings, fuel pumps or other components, due to increased amounts of catalytic fines in the fuel oil. Some members have de-bunkered fuel which cannot be handled and treated onboard.
Interestingly, the number of claims reported to Skuld are not significantly higher for VLSFO compared to other fuel. If we look at the bad bunker cases in 2019 (FDD and CLH) the number of claims are higher than before the introduction of the IMO 2020 fuel. In 2019 Skuld saw 435 bunker related claims on FDD and CLH combined, compared to 369 in 2020. Skuld also experiences a decrease in bunker related issues and claims in Q1 of 2021 compared to Q1 in 2020. In total, Skuld can report 30 cases so far in 2021.
Skuld always advises its members and clients to perform a proper due diligence when ordering or procuring bunker. It is very important to always conduct a vetting procedure when selecting good bunker suppliers. Always check the sales terms like time bars, sampling clause as well as the warranty as to the fitness of the fuel. Always ask for documentation of fuel batches from the fuel supplier. Ask, and always check the Certificate of Quality prior to bunkering. We also recommend the ISO 8217:2017 standard rather than the more commonly used ISO 8217:2010. Also, avoid mixing of different types of fuels, as VLSFO is very sensitive and even small amounts of co-mingling will make the fuel unstable.
When using VLSFO blends the operators should be aware of the potential operational challenges they may be facing. ISO 8217 does not include testing for WAT (Wax Appearance Temperature) and WDT (Wax Disappearance Temperature), thus measuring only the Pour Point is insufficient to determine the cold flow properties of the fuel. When the WAT and WDT results are high the operator needs to consider increasing the temperature setting of the purifiers, as well as the storage, settling and service tanks.
VLSFO blends which tend to become unstable contain high sediments that tend to fall out of suspension when the fuel is heated above the required temperature. The fuel temperature must then be reduced and maintained as per separator manufacturer’s recommendations. VLSFO with low viscosity, but with a high WDT / WAT, needs to be heated to ensure correct viscosity or stable flow and to prevent wax formation. There is also a risk of operational issues such as wax formation when the fuel temperature drops below the WAT. Fuel with low viscosity, high WDT/WAT and high level of Aluminium + Silicon (cat fines) might be difficult to treat onboard.
Skuld’s members and clients have experienced that the IMO 2020 0.50% Sulphur Cap presents some additional challenges. As a new type of marine fuel being introduced in the industry, crew onboard did not have enough experience on how to handle and treat this type of fuel at the start of 2020. Operational issues, not linked to the fuel quality but more on the understanding of the characteristics or nature of VLSFO, have included issues related to the paraffinic nature of the fuel, cold flow properties, lower viscosity, as well as other parameters. Today, Skuld sees a greater understanding by the industry and operators and less of those ‘mysterious’ problems involving filter clogging and purification problems experienced in the first and second quarter of 2020. The onboard operators are increasingly more familiar with the actual characteristics or nature of VLSFO.
In Skuld’s opinion so far, the IMO 2020 Sulphur Cap represents a successful transition.
Source: Skuld
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Saturday, 08 May 21
THE COAL-TO-RENEWABLES TRANSITION TAKES OFF - IEEFA
Pre-Biden changes underscore coming 10-year wave of coal plant retirements
The traditional S-curve growth exhibited by disruptive te ...
Friday, 07 May 21
CHINA'S TOTAL COAL IMPORTS FOR 2020 REACHED A VOLUME OF 304 MILLION TONS - ASSOCARBONI
Our benchmarks, manufacturing Countries like China, Germany, Japan, India, South Korea and Taiwan will continue to use a mix of coal and nuclear to ...
Friday, 07 May 21
SEABORNE WORLD COAL TRADE CLOSED 2020 IN NEGATIVE - ASSOCARBONI
Coal confirmed its leadership as leading fuel for electricity generation also in 2020, accounting for 38% of overall production. For the first time ...
Friday, 07 May 21
INDONESIA'S THERMAL COAL EXPORTS IN 2020 DECREASED BY 13%; INDIA REMAINED THE TOP DESTINATION FOR INDONESIAN COAL - ASSOCARBONI
An increase in seaborne trade is forecast for 2022, driven by markets in Southeast Asia, where growing demand for coal from Bangladesh, the Philipp ...
Friday, 30 April 21
HIGH-SULPHUR FUEL OIL SALES REBOUND AFTER PRE-IMO 2020 - BIMCO
HSFO sales are up 47.2% from Q1 2020, reaching 3.1m tonnes. This is however still less than a third of high-sulphur fuel sales in Q1 2019, before t ...
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- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- PTC India Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Parliament of New Zealand
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- The University of Queensland
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
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