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Saturday, 29 May 21
SKULD’S IMO 2020 SULPHUR CAP EXPERIENCE
 More than a year has passed since the International Maritime Organization (IMO) mandate for the 0.50% sulphur cap for marine fuel (MARPOL Annex VI) came into force. The regulation orders ships to only use marine fuels with a sulphur content of no more than 0.50% sulphur. Ships fitted with an approved type of exhaust gas cleaning system (EGCS) or scrubbers may continue to use high sulphur fuel oils. This mandate is part of the IMO efforts to reduce air pollution and improve health and environmental conditions especially for communities close to coastal areas or ports.
Prior to 1 January 2020, there were extensive discussions in the industry on what to expect regarding the challenges VLSFO would pose in terms of operational issues and engine damage as well as challenges regarding supply of VLSFO. The most frequent parameter limits deviating from the ISO 8217 standard, reported by our members and clients, are TSP (Total Sediments Potential), Aluminium and Silicon, Sulphur, Pour Point, Flash Point and Viscosity. We see several cases regarding increased sludge deposits in the fuel system, increased sludge accumulation in the purifiers, as well as clogged fuel oil filters. Others have experienced increased wear and tear of cylinder liners, broken piston rings, fuel pumps or other components, due to increased amounts of catalytic fines in the fuel oil. Some members have de-bunkered fuel which cannot be handled and treated onboard.
Interestingly, the number of claims reported to Skuld are not significantly higher for VLSFO compared to other fuel. If we look at the bad bunker cases in 2019 (FDD and CLH) the number of claims are higher than before the introduction of the IMO 2020 fuel. In 2019 Skuld saw 435 bunker related claims on FDD and CLH combined, compared to 369 in 2020. Skuld also experiences a decrease in bunker related issues and claims in Q1 of 2021 compared to Q1 in 2020. In total, Skuld can report 30 cases so far in 2021.
Skuld always advises its members and clients to perform a proper due diligence when ordering or procuring bunker. It is very important to always conduct a vetting procedure when selecting good bunker suppliers. Always check the sales terms like time bars, sampling clause as well as the warranty as to the fitness of the fuel. Always ask for documentation of fuel batches from the fuel supplier. Ask, and always check the Certificate of Quality prior to bunkering. We also recommend the ISO 8217:2017 standard rather than the more commonly used ISO 8217:2010. Also, avoid mixing of different types of fuels, as VLSFO is very sensitive and even small amounts of co-mingling will make the fuel unstable.
When using VLSFO blends the operators should be aware of the potential operational challenges they may be facing. ISO 8217 does not include testing for WAT (Wax Appearance Temperature) and WDT (Wax Disappearance Temperature), thus measuring only the Pour Point is insufficient to determine the cold flow properties of the fuel. When the WAT and WDT results are high the operator needs to consider increasing the temperature setting of the purifiers, as well as the storage, settling and service tanks.
VLSFO blends which tend to become unstable contain high sediments that tend to fall out of suspension when the fuel is heated above the required temperature. The fuel temperature must then be reduced and maintained as per separator manufacturer’s recommendations. VLSFO with low viscosity, but with a high WDT / WAT, needs to be heated to ensure correct viscosity or stable flow and to prevent wax formation. There is also a risk of operational issues such as wax formation when the fuel temperature drops below the WAT. Fuel with low viscosity, high WDT/WAT and high level of Aluminium + Silicon (cat fines) might be difficult to treat onboard.
Skuld’s members and clients have experienced that the IMO 2020 0.50% Sulphur Cap presents some additional challenges. As a new type of marine fuel being introduced in the industry, crew onboard did not have enough experience on how to handle and treat this type of fuel at the start of 2020. Operational issues, not linked to the fuel quality but more on the understanding of the characteristics or nature of VLSFO, have included issues related to the paraffinic nature of the fuel, cold flow properties, lower viscosity, as well as other parameters. Today, Skuld sees a greater understanding by the industry and operators and less of those ‘mysterious’ problems involving filter clogging and purification problems experienced in the first and second quarter of 2020. The onboard operators are increasingly more familiar with the actual characteristics or nature of VLSFO.
In Skuld’s opinion so far, the IMO 2020 Sulphur Cap represents a successful transition.
Source: Skuld
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Wednesday, 14 April 21
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
After a series of months where the dry bulk sector was attracting most of the buying interest, tankers SnP activity spiked in the previous weeks. O ...
Tuesday, 13 April 21
INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE IN APRIL UP AGAIN ON FIRM DEMAND
COALspot.com: The Indonesia coal price reference for April 2021 settles at US$ 86.68 per ton FOB vessel.
The Indonesia coal pr ...
Monday, 12 April 21
CHINA'S ECONOMIC RECOVERY PUSHES COAL MINES TO INCREASE YIELD - GLOBAL TIMES
China’s fast economic rebound from coronavirus has driven up electricity demand, leading to higher consumption of coal which is seeing rising ...
Monday, 12 April 21
GLOBAL COAL PRODUCTION EXPECTED TO RISE BY 3.5% IN 2021, SAYS GLOBALDATA
Global coal output is estimated to have declined by 2% in 2020 due to COVID-19-related lockdowns and restrictions, with significant reductions obse ...
Wednesday, 07 April 21
KOMIPO ISSUED A TENDER FOR TOTAL 1,560,000 METRIC TONS OF BITUMINOUS COAL
COALspot.com: South Korea state-owned utility Korea Midland Power (KOMIPO) issued a tender for total 1,560,000 Metric Tons of Bituminous coal for i ...
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- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
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