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Saturday, 29 May 21
SKULD’S IMO 2020 SULPHUR CAP EXPERIENCE
 More than a year has passed since the International Maritime Organization (IMO) mandate for the 0.50% sulphur cap for marine fuel (MARPOL Annex VI) came into force. The regulation orders ships to only use marine fuels with a sulphur content of no more than 0.50% sulphur. Ships fitted with an approved type of exhaust gas cleaning system (EGCS) or scrubbers may continue to use high sulphur fuel oils. This mandate is part of the IMO efforts to reduce air pollution and improve health and environmental conditions especially for communities close to coastal areas or ports.
Prior to 1 January 2020, there were extensive discussions in the industry on what to expect regarding the challenges VLSFO would pose in terms of operational issues and engine damage as well as challenges regarding supply of VLSFO. The most frequent parameter limits deviating from the ISO 8217 standard, reported by our members and clients, are TSP (Total Sediments Potential), Aluminium and Silicon, Sulphur, Pour Point, Flash Point and Viscosity. We see several cases regarding increased sludge deposits in the fuel system, increased sludge accumulation in the purifiers, as well as clogged fuel oil filters. Others have experienced increased wear and tear of cylinder liners, broken piston rings, fuel pumps or other components, due to increased amounts of catalytic fines in the fuel oil. Some members have de-bunkered fuel which cannot be handled and treated onboard.
Interestingly, the number of claims reported to Skuld are not significantly higher for VLSFO compared to other fuel. If we look at the bad bunker cases in 2019 (FDD and CLH) the number of claims are higher than before the introduction of the IMO 2020 fuel. In 2019 Skuld saw 435 bunker related claims on FDD and CLH combined, compared to 369 in 2020. Skuld also experiences a decrease in bunker related issues and claims in Q1 of 2021 compared to Q1 in 2020. In total, Skuld can report 30 cases so far in 2021.
Skuld always advises its members and clients to perform a proper due diligence when ordering or procuring bunker. It is very important to always conduct a vetting procedure when selecting good bunker suppliers. Always check the sales terms like time bars, sampling clause as well as the warranty as to the fitness of the fuel. Always ask for documentation of fuel batches from the fuel supplier. Ask, and always check the Certificate of Quality prior to bunkering. We also recommend the ISO 8217:2017 standard rather than the more commonly used ISO 8217:2010. Also, avoid mixing of different types of fuels, as VLSFO is very sensitive and even small amounts of co-mingling will make the fuel unstable.
When using VLSFO blends the operators should be aware of the potential operational challenges they may be facing. ISO 8217 does not include testing for WAT (Wax Appearance Temperature) and WDT (Wax Disappearance Temperature), thus measuring only the Pour Point is insufficient to determine the cold flow properties of the fuel. When the WAT and WDT results are high the operator needs to consider increasing the temperature setting of the purifiers, as well as the storage, settling and service tanks.
VLSFO blends which tend to become unstable contain high sediments that tend to fall out of suspension when the fuel is heated above the required temperature. The fuel temperature must then be reduced and maintained as per separator manufacturer’s recommendations. VLSFO with low viscosity, but with a high WDT / WAT, needs to be heated to ensure correct viscosity or stable flow and to prevent wax formation. There is also a risk of operational issues such as wax formation when the fuel temperature drops below the WAT. Fuel with low viscosity, high WDT/WAT and high level of Aluminium + Silicon (cat fines) might be difficult to treat onboard.
Skuld’s members and clients have experienced that the IMO 2020 0.50% Sulphur Cap presents some additional challenges. As a new type of marine fuel being introduced in the industry, crew onboard did not have enough experience on how to handle and treat this type of fuel at the start of 2020. Operational issues, not linked to the fuel quality but more on the understanding of the characteristics or nature of VLSFO, have included issues related to the paraffinic nature of the fuel, cold flow properties, lower viscosity, as well as other parameters. Today, Skuld sees a greater understanding by the industry and operators and less of those ‘mysterious’ problems involving filter clogging and purification problems experienced in the first and second quarter of 2020. The onboard operators are increasingly more familiar with the actual characteristics or nature of VLSFO.
In Skuld’s opinion so far, the IMO 2020 Sulphur Cap represents a successful transition.
Source: Skuld
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Wednesday, 07 April 21
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
Following the end of the catholic easter, during which the majority of shipping market participants were on holidays, it is interesting to note a f ...
Wednesday, 07 April 21
COAL USED TO GENERATE ELECTRIC POWER IN U.S. WILL INCREASE BY 13 PERCENT TO 495 MMST IN 2021 - EIA
EIA expects U.S. coal production to total 585 MMst in 2021, 46 MMst (9%) more than in 2020. In 2022, EIA expects coal production to grow by an addi ...
Wednesday, 31 March 21
CHINA TAIYUAN COAL TRANSACTION PRICE INDEX UP 0.12 PCT - XINHUA
China Taiyuan coal transaction price index stood at 139.03 points Monday, up 0.12 percent week on week.
The index, released by China ...
Wednesday, 31 March 21
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
Over the past week, the biggest story has been the blockage of the Suez Canal, as a result of the grounding of the container ship Ever Given. At th ...
Monday, 29 March 21
MOODY'S: OUTLOOK FOR GLOBAL METALS AND MINING INDUSTRY TURNS POSITIVE ON HIGHER EBITDA IN PANDEMIC'S WAKE
- Demand for steel, iron ore and copper will rise, while aluminum, nickel and zinc will remain in surplus
- EBITDA is expected to ...
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- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Australian Coal Association
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Planning Commission, India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- PTC India Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
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