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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Monday, 12 March 18
DRY BULK MARKET: CAPESIZE MARKET FINDS ITS FOOTING - BALTIC BRIEFING
Capesize
Some relief for owners as the week closed out with the market finding a floor in the East. Rates on the key West Australia/China run loo ...
Monday, 12 March 18
COAL OUTPUT FROM PRIVATE MINERS UNLIKELY TO RISE IN MEDIUM TERM: ICRA
Coal output levels from private commercial miners are unlikely to go up considerably in the medium to short term, given the issues related to land ...
Saturday, 10 March 18
ENHANCED PRODUCTION BY COAL INDIA HELPS DECLINE IN COAL IMPORTS
As per the current import policy, coal is kept under Open General License (OGL) and consumers are free to import coal from the source of their choi ...
Saturday, 10 March 18
THE 'RENOS' - COURT OF APPEAL CLARIFIES CTL CALCULATION AND RIGHT OF ABANDONMENT - CLYDE & CO
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
In the matter of the “RENOS”, Mr Justice Knowles addressed a number of issues, at first instance, regarding t ...
Friday, 09 March 18
THE WORLD CANNOT KEEP IGNORING THE ASIAN COAL STORY - BENJAMIN SPORTON
There were significant changes in the global energy system in 2017, including the growth in electric vehicles, the rise of renewables and the conti ...
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Showing 1776 to 1780 news of total 6871 |
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- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Planning Commission, India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- The University of Queensland
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- PTC India Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
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