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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Tuesday, 26 June 18
"ALWAYS ACCESSIBLE": ARRIVAL, DEPARTURE OR BOTH? - INCE & CO
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
An “always accessible” berth warranty is often used by an owner to transfer the risk of delays in berthing to ...
Tuesday, 26 June 18
A SHARP RISE IN THE PRICE OF CRUDE OIL WAS TO BE SEEN ON FRIDAY, ITS BIGGEST DAILY GAIN IN TWO YEARS - GEORGE LAZARIDIS
A sharp rise in the price of crude oil was to be seen on Friday, its biggest daily gain in two years, as OPEC reached a deal to raise output. Despi ...
Monday, 25 June 18
AUSTRALIA'S NEWCASTLE PORT SHIPPED 12.179 MT OF COAL IN MAY; DOWN 14.77% M/M
COALspot.com: The Port of Newcastle, Australia’s major trading ports and the world’s largest coal export port has shipped $AU1,453.6 Mi ...
Monday, 25 June 18
COAL IN THE CROSSFIRE: CHINESE TRADERS WARY OF BEING BURNT BY TRADE WAR - REUTERS
At least three U.S. coal shipments on their way to China may end up casualties of the escalating trade dispute after Beijing said it would impose s ...
Saturday, 23 June 18
COAL GROUP TARGETS 9 PER CENT REVENUE SPIKE - VIET NAM NEWS
Viet Nam News reported, the Viet Nam National Coal and Mineral Industries Group (Vinacomin or TKV) is targeting VNĐ116.9 trillion (US$5.1 billion) ...
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Showing 1691 to 1695 news of total 6871 |
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- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Australian Coal Association
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- The University of Queensland
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Planning Commission, India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- PTC India Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- MS Steel International - UAE
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
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