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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Saturday, 08 September 12
INDO INDIA ROUTE FREIGHT FOR SUPRAMAX REMAINS STRONG - CAPT. REDDY
COALspot.com - The freight market overall remained weak and except for cape index all other sectors were down. The biggest drop was in the Panamax s ...
Saturday, 08 September 12
RIO TINTO COMPLETES ACQUISITION OF BHP BILLITON'S INTERESTS IN RICHARDS BAY MINERALS
Rio Tinto has doubled its holding in Richards Bay Minerals (RBM) following the completion of its acquisition of BHP Billiton’s entire inte ...
Friday, 07 September 12
HBA GAINS $ 1.56 PER MT IN SEPTEMBER
COALspot.com - The Indonesian government’s declared coal reference price has gained US$ 1.56 per MT M-o-M. This is the first gain ...
Thursday, 06 September 12
SOME ANCHORED PANAMAX VESSELS WAITING FOR CARGOS TO COME
Handy
According to Fearnleys weekly report, in the smaller segments Fearnleys sees little to no changes since last week. There are still entering s ...
Thursday, 06 September 12
DRY BULK CARRIERS STILL IN HIGH DEMAND AMONG SHIP OWNERS, BUT NEWBUILDING ACTIVITY SLIDES IN AUGUST - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The slide of the dry bulk market this year hasn't abated ship owners' appetite for dry bulk carriers, as evidenced by the steady interest expresse ...
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- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Australian Coal Association
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- White Energy Company Limited
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- The University of Queensland
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Planning Commission, India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
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