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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Saturday, 01 September 12
PANAMAX FREIGHT RATES UNDER PRESSURE FROM LOW DEMAND - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - This week the freight market was weak with mixed results.
The BDI was down by 1.95 pct closing at 703 points, however there was so ...
Friday, 31 August 12
ADVERSE SHIPPING MARKET CONDITIONS SHORTENS LIFE SPAN OF VESSELS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The adverse conditions which have been put in place in the world's freight markets, means that ship owners are forced to scrap vessels of a much yo ...
Thursday, 30 August 12
INDO-INDIA, LARGE ECO SUPRA NOW FIXED AT USD 7K FOR DELIVERY SINGAPORE - FEARNLEYS AS
Handy
The Supra market continued its negative trend with little fresh business entering the market. Continent positions fixed around USD 4k for tri ...
Thursday, 30 August 12
DRY BULK MARKET STILL LOOKING OUT FOR BETTER DAYS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With things in China moving slowly this week, as a result of holidays, it’s no surprise that the latest positive trend in the dry bulk market ...
Wednesday, 29 August 12
COLOMBIA'S MINING BOOM: PART TWO - JOSEPH KIRSCHKE
One of the most prominent casualties of Canada's entry into the Colombian mining sector has been a priest named Jose Reynal-Restrepo. Last Septembe ...
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- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- PTC India Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- MS Steel International - UAE
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Australian Coal Association
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
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