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Wednesday, 13 May 09
COAL SUPPLY MAY BE VASTLY OVERESTIMATED - ABC SCIENCE
The world's coal supply suggests reserves may be vastly overestimated and we could be facing an unprecedented global energy crisis, according to a US expert.
On the flip side, a dwindling supply of coal could also throw the brakes on global warming, some argue.
Common knowledge about coal is that major producing nations like China, the United States and Australia, have enough to last hundreds of years, far beyond the reach of oil, which may already be in its twilight years.
But worldwide coal production could plateau as early as 2025, according to one new estimate, and a growing group of scientists are concerned that fossil fuel supplies may begin dwindling by mid-century.
Last year, David Rutledge of the California Institute of Technology analysed the coal production patterns of five regions around the world - eastern Pennsylvania, France, Germany's Ruhr Valley, the United Kingdom and Japan - each of which was producing at less than a tenth of its peak levels.
He found that each of the depleted regions followed a rough bell curve of production; initial production was followed by a steep ramp-up, a plateau near peak levels, and then a consistent decline.
When he applied the same formula to coal data from around the world, the results were startling.
The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's maximum estimate for extractable coal is about 3000 billion tonnes. Rutledge's calculations suggest just 600 billion tonnes.
The problem with the IPCC estimate is that it lumps coal reserves, which are easy to mine, with coal resources, which may be impossible to mine.
Time for rethink
Rutledge's study also shows that, historically, national governments in the five regions have overestimated their reserves by a factor of four on average.
"These appraisals are large-scale issues," he says. "But they're done by governments. What's the incentive for governments not to give a number that is too high?"
James Murray of the University of Washington agrees.
In a talk being presented later this month at the American Geophysical Union Joint Assembly, he plans to call for a re-evaluation of IPCC emissions scenarios, all 40 of which overstate humanity's ability to emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, according to Rutledge's numbers.
The committee's projections predict CO2 levels in the atmosphere to approach 500 parts per million by 2050, if emissions continue on their current trend.
But Rutledge's work suggest that even if humans burn all the coal and oil we can get our hands on, we won't be able to push CO2 past 450 ppm. Oil sands and other unconventional fossil fuels probably won't add much to that total.
Murray and Rutledge diverge on the question of climate effects, though.
Using IPCC models, Rutlgedge argues that global temperatures won't get higher than 2°C above pre-industrial levels, at the lower end of what scientists think might spark 'dangerous' climate change.
"We're still going to have global warming, and it's a serious threat," says Murray. "I have no doubt the IPCC dramatically underestimates climate sensitivity."
Regardless of climate impacts, the concern over looming energy scarcity may be more acute than ever.
"I think we'll see peak coal somewhere between 2025 and 2035," says Richard Heinberg of the Post Carbon Institute in California. "This has huge economic implications. Without growth in our energy supplies, it's very difficult to see how we're going to grow the economy."
Source: http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2009/05/13/2569143.htm
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Tuesday, 05 May 09
INDONESIA'S ADARO PAYS $78.6 MLN FOR COAL-BARGING FIRM - REUTERS
INDONESIA's largest coal producer by market value, PT Adaro Energy Tbk, said late on Monday it paid $78.6 million for a 74 percent stake in Orchard ...
Tuesday, 05 May 09
PHILIPPINES SEMIRARA STILL EXPECTS HIKE IN COAL SALES - BUSINESS MIRROR
DESPITE the anticipated soft demand resulting from the prevailing global financial crisis, the country’s largest coal producer Semirara Mining ...
Monday, 04 May 09
VISTAAR SINGAPORE SAYS, THIS MONTH DRY BULK FREIGHT LIKELY TO COME DOWN
COALspot.com (Singapore) - VISTAAR shipping Services Pte Limited of Singapore, said, the beginning of last week started with bit of weakness an ...
Monday, 04 May 09
PNOC-EC TO GROW COAL OPERATIONS - PHILIPPINE DAILY INQUIRER
LISTED firm Philippine National Oil Co.-Exploration Corp. plans to expand its operations this year to ensure the steady supply of coal and fur ...
Saturday, 02 May 09
BUMI'S FIRST-QUARTER PROFIT RISES 21% ON COAL PRICE - BLOOMBERG
PT BUMI RESOURCES, Asia’s biggest exporter of power-station coal, said first-quarter profit rose 21 percent after it earned higher prices for ...
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- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
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- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
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- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
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- The Treasury - Australian Government
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- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
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- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
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- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Central Electricity Authority - India
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- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
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- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
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- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
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- Indika Energy - Indonesia
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- Australian Coal Association
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- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
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- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
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- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
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- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
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- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
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- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
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- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Economic Council, Georgia
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- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
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- Ministry of Mines - Canada
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- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
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- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
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