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Wednesday, 13 May 09
COAL SUPPLY MAY BE VASTLY OVERESTIMATED - ABC SCIENCE
 The world's coal supply suggests reserves may be vastly overestimated and we could be facing an unprecedented global energy crisis, according to a US expert.
On the flip side, a dwindling supply of coal could also throw the brakes on global warming, some argue.
Common knowledge about coal is that major producing nations like China, the United States and Australia, have enough to last hundreds of years, far beyond the reach of oil, which may already be in its twilight years.
But worldwide coal production could plateau as early as 2025, according to one new estimate, and a growing group of scientists are concerned that fossil fuel supplies may begin dwindling by mid-century.
Last year, David Rutledge of the California Institute of Technology analysed the coal production patterns of five regions around the world - eastern Pennsylvania, France, Germany's Ruhr Valley, the United Kingdom and Japan - each of which was producing at less than a tenth of its peak levels.
He found that each of the depleted regions followed a rough bell curve of production; initial production was followed by a steep ramp-up, a plateau near peak levels, and then a consistent decline.
When he applied the same formula to coal data from around the world, the results were startling.
The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's maximum estimate for extractable coal is about 3000 billion tonnes. Rutledge's calculations suggest just 600 billion tonnes.
The problem with the IPCC estimate is that it lumps coal reserves, which are easy to mine, with coal resources, which may be impossible to mine.
Time for rethink
Rutledge's study also shows that, historically, national governments in the five regions have overestimated their reserves by a factor of four on average.
"These appraisals are large-scale issues," he says. "But they're done by governments. What's the incentive for governments not to give a number that is too high?"
James Murray of the University of Washington agrees.
In a talk being presented later this month at the American Geophysical Union Joint Assembly, he plans to call for a re-evaluation of IPCC emissions scenarios, all 40 of which overstate humanity's ability to emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, according to Rutledge's numbers.
The committee's projections predict CO2 levels in the atmosphere to approach 500 parts per million by 2050, if emissions continue on their current trend.
But Rutledge's work suggest that even if humans burn all the coal and oil we can get our hands on, we won't be able to push CO2 past 450 ppm. Oil sands and other unconventional fossil fuels probably won't add much to that total.
Murray and Rutledge diverge on the question of climate effects, though.
Using IPCC models, Rutlgedge argues that global temperatures won't get higher than 2°C above pre-industrial levels, at the lower end of what scientists think might spark 'dangerous' climate change.
"We're still going to have global warming, and it's a serious threat," says Murray. "I have no doubt the IPCC dramatically underestimates climate sensitivity."
Regardless of climate impacts, the concern over looming energy scarcity may be more acute than ever.
"I think we'll see peak coal somewhere between 2025 and 2035," says Richard Heinberg of the Post Carbon Institute in California. "This has huge economic implications. Without growth in our energy supplies, it's very difficult to see how we're going to grow the economy."
Source: http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2009/05/13/2569143.htm
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Tuesday, 28 April 09
S'PORE COURT RULES AGAINST DEUTSCHE ON ASSET SALE - REUTERS
Singapore's highest court has ruled that Deutsche Bank (DBKGn.DE) may have to pay unspecified damages to an investment firm as it did not get the b ...
Tuesday, 28 April 09
WORLD THERMAL COAL PRICE EXPECTED TO CRASH - PURCHASING.COM
Macquarie Bank sees 50% drop to $60/ton in 2009
Macquarie Bank today forecast the 2009 average market price for world thermal coal at $60/ton, a ...
Tuesday, 28 April 09
THAI LANNA TO OPEN NEW INDONESIAN MINE BY Q3 - REUTERS
Thailand's Lanna Resources PCL LANN.BK said on Monday it planned to open a new coal mine in Indonesia by the third quarter of 2009 with an initial ...
Tuesday, 28 April 09
SOUTH AFRICAN EXPORT COAL RETREATS ON WEAKER EUROPEAN DEMAND - BLOOMBERG
Prices for coal shipped from South Africa’s Richards Bay, site of the world’s largest export terminal for the fuel, fell for a second co ...
Monday, 27 April 09
INDONESIA S.KALIMANTAN GETS COAL TRUCKS OFF PUBLIC ROADS - REUTERS
A local government in one of Indonesia's top coal-producing areas has banned coal and palm oil firms from using public roads because of the damage ...
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- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
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- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
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- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- VISA Power Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Minerals Council of Australia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Australian Coal Association
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
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