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Wednesday, 13 May 09
COAL SUPPLY MAY BE VASTLY OVERESTIMATED - ABC SCIENCE
 The world's coal supply suggests reserves may be vastly overestimated and we could be facing an unprecedented global energy crisis, according to a US expert.
On the flip side, a dwindling supply of coal could also throw the brakes on global warming, some argue.
Common knowledge about coal is that major producing nations like China, the United States and Australia, have enough to last hundreds of years, far beyond the reach of oil, which may already be in its twilight years.
But worldwide coal production could plateau as early as 2025, according to one new estimate, and a growing group of scientists are concerned that fossil fuel supplies may begin dwindling by mid-century.
Last year, David Rutledge of the California Institute of Technology analysed the coal production patterns of five regions around the world - eastern Pennsylvania, France, Germany's Ruhr Valley, the United Kingdom and Japan - each of which was producing at less than a tenth of its peak levels.
He found that each of the depleted regions followed a rough bell curve of production; initial production was followed by a steep ramp-up, a plateau near peak levels, and then a consistent decline.
When he applied the same formula to coal data from around the world, the results were startling.
The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's maximum estimate for extractable coal is about 3000 billion tonnes. Rutledge's calculations suggest just 600 billion tonnes.
The problem with the IPCC estimate is that it lumps coal reserves, which are easy to mine, with coal resources, which may be impossible to mine.
Time for rethink
Rutledge's study also shows that, historically, national governments in the five regions have overestimated their reserves by a factor of four on average.
"These appraisals are large-scale issues," he says. "But they're done by governments. What's the incentive for governments not to give a number that is too high?"
James Murray of the University of Washington agrees.
In a talk being presented later this month at the American Geophysical Union Joint Assembly, he plans to call for a re-evaluation of IPCC emissions scenarios, all 40 of which overstate humanity's ability to emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, according to Rutledge's numbers.
The committee's projections predict CO2 levels in the atmosphere to approach 500 parts per million by 2050, if emissions continue on their current trend.
But Rutledge's work suggest that even if humans burn all the coal and oil we can get our hands on, we won't be able to push CO2 past 450 ppm. Oil sands and other unconventional fossil fuels probably won't add much to that total.
Murray and Rutledge diverge on the question of climate effects, though.
Using IPCC models, Rutlgedge argues that global temperatures won't get higher than 2°C above pre-industrial levels, at the lower end of what scientists think might spark 'dangerous' climate change.
"We're still going to have global warming, and it's a serious threat," says Murray. "I have no doubt the IPCC dramatically underestimates climate sensitivity."
Regardless of climate impacts, the concern over looming energy scarcity may be more acute than ever.
"I think we'll see peak coal somewhere between 2025 and 2035," says Richard Heinberg of the Post Carbon Institute in California. "This has huge economic implications. Without growth in our energy supplies, it's very difficult to see how we're going to grow the economy."
Source: http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2009/05/13/2569143.htm
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Saturday, 16 May 09
FREIGHT MARKET HAS BEEN EXTREMELY BUOYANT - VISTAAR SINGAPORE
COALspot.com (Singapore): The week saw the BDI rally continuing and the market freight market has been extremely buoyant, VISTAAR Shipping Pte Limit ...
Friday, 15 May 09
INDIKA EXPECTS TO INCREASE COAL PRODUCTION BY 12.68% IN 2010 - THE JAKARTA POST
ENERGY and infrastructure company PT Indika Energy, the parent company of Indonesia's third largest coal producer PT Kideco Jaya Agung, expects its ...
Thursday, 14 May 09
INDONESIA 2009 COAL OUTPUT REVISED DOWN - REUTERS
* Indonesia coal output seen at 240 million tonnes in 2009
* Coal exports down 11.2 pct to 44.79 mln tonnes in Q1 2009
* Production down 1.4 pct t ...
Thursday, 14 May 09
PAKISTAN WILL IMPORT 3.2 MILLION TON OF COAL IN 2009 - SEATRADE
COALspot.com (Pakistan) - SEATRADE Group of pakistan a single largest imported coal supplier in Pakistan, forecasting Pakistan steam coal imports wi ...
Wednesday, 13 May 09
ADARO, ITM EXPECT COAL GROWTH IN 2009
Adaro, which has a market capitalization of $3.64 billion, sells to 48 customers in 18 countries worldwide, including power utilities Thai Power and ...
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- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Minerals Council of Australia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Planning Commission, India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- The University of Queensland
- White Energy Company Limited
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
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