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Wednesday, 13 May 09
COAL SUPPLY MAY BE VASTLY OVERESTIMATED - ABC SCIENCE
 The world's coal supply suggests reserves may be vastly overestimated and we could be facing an unprecedented global energy crisis, according to a US expert.
On the flip side, a dwindling supply of coal could also throw the brakes on global warming, some argue.
Common knowledge about coal is that major producing nations like China, the United States and Australia, have enough to last hundreds of years, far beyond the reach of oil, which may already be in its twilight years.
But worldwide coal production could plateau as early as 2025, according to one new estimate, and a growing group of scientists are concerned that fossil fuel supplies may begin dwindling by mid-century.
Last year, David Rutledge of the California Institute of Technology analysed the coal production patterns of five regions around the world - eastern Pennsylvania, France, Germany's Ruhr Valley, the United Kingdom and Japan - each of which was producing at less than a tenth of its peak levels.
He found that each of the depleted regions followed a rough bell curve of production; initial production was followed by a steep ramp-up, a plateau near peak levels, and then a consistent decline.
When he applied the same formula to coal data from around the world, the results were startling.
The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's maximum estimate for extractable coal is about 3000 billion tonnes. Rutledge's calculations suggest just 600 billion tonnes.
The problem with the IPCC estimate is that it lumps coal reserves, which are easy to mine, with coal resources, which may be impossible to mine.
Time for rethink
Rutledge's study also shows that, historically, national governments in the five regions have overestimated their reserves by a factor of four on average.
"These appraisals are large-scale issues," he says. "But they're done by governments. What's the incentive for governments not to give a number that is too high?"
James Murray of the University of Washington agrees.
In a talk being presented later this month at the American Geophysical Union Joint Assembly, he plans to call for a re-evaluation of IPCC emissions scenarios, all 40 of which overstate humanity's ability to emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, according to Rutledge's numbers.
The committee's projections predict CO2 levels in the atmosphere to approach 500 parts per million by 2050, if emissions continue on their current trend.
But Rutledge's work suggest that even if humans burn all the coal and oil we can get our hands on, we won't be able to push CO2 past 450 ppm. Oil sands and other unconventional fossil fuels probably won't add much to that total.
Murray and Rutledge diverge on the question of climate effects, though.
Using IPCC models, Rutlgedge argues that global temperatures won't get higher than 2°C above pre-industrial levels, at the lower end of what scientists think might spark 'dangerous' climate change.
"We're still going to have global warming, and it's a serious threat," says Murray. "I have no doubt the IPCC dramatically underestimates climate sensitivity."
Regardless of climate impacts, the concern over looming energy scarcity may be more acute than ever.
"I think we'll see peak coal somewhere between 2025 and 2035," says Richard Heinberg of the Post Carbon Institute in California. "This has huge economic implications. Without growth in our energy supplies, it's very difficult to see how we're going to grow the economy."
Source: http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2009/05/13/2569143.htm
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Saturday, 16 May 09
FREIGHT MARKET HAS BEEN EXTREMELY BUOYANT - VISTAAR SINGAPORE
COALspot.com (Singapore): The week saw the BDI rally continuing and the market freight market has been extremely buoyant, VISTAAR Shipping Pte Limit ...
Friday, 15 May 09
INDIKA EXPECTS TO INCREASE COAL PRODUCTION BY 12.68% IN 2010 - THE JAKARTA POST
ENERGY and infrastructure company PT Indika Energy, the parent company of Indonesia's third largest coal producer PT Kideco Jaya Agung, expects its ...
Thursday, 14 May 09
INDONESIA 2009 COAL OUTPUT REVISED DOWN - REUTERS
* Indonesia coal output seen at 240 million tonnes in 2009
* Coal exports down 11.2 pct to 44.79 mln tonnes in Q1 2009
* Production down 1.4 pct t ...
Thursday, 14 May 09
PAKISTAN WILL IMPORT 3.2 MILLION TON OF COAL IN 2009 - SEATRADE
COALspot.com (Pakistan) - SEATRADE Group of pakistan a single largest imported coal supplier in Pakistan, forecasting Pakistan steam coal imports wi ...
Wednesday, 13 May 09
ADARO, ITM EXPECT COAL GROWTH IN 2009
Adaro, which has a market capitalization of $3.64 billion, sells to 48 customers in 18 countries worldwide, including power utilities Thai Power and ...
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- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- PTC India Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
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