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Wednesday, 13 May 09
COAL SUPPLY MAY BE VASTLY OVERESTIMATED - ABC SCIENCE
 The world's coal supply suggests reserves may be vastly overestimated and we could be facing an unprecedented global energy crisis, according to a US expert.
On the flip side, a dwindling supply of coal could also throw the brakes on global warming, some argue.
Common knowledge about coal is that major producing nations like China, the United States and Australia, have enough to last hundreds of years, far beyond the reach of oil, which may already be in its twilight years.
But worldwide coal production could plateau as early as 2025, according to one new estimate, and a growing group of scientists are concerned that fossil fuel supplies may begin dwindling by mid-century.
Last year, David Rutledge of the California Institute of Technology analysed the coal production patterns of five regions around the world - eastern Pennsylvania, France, Germany's Ruhr Valley, the United Kingdom and Japan - each of which was producing at less than a tenth of its peak levels.
He found that each of the depleted regions followed a rough bell curve of production; initial production was followed by a steep ramp-up, a plateau near peak levels, and then a consistent decline.
When he applied the same formula to coal data from around the world, the results were startling.
The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's maximum estimate for extractable coal is about 3000 billion tonnes. Rutledge's calculations suggest just 600 billion tonnes.
The problem with the IPCC estimate is that it lumps coal reserves, which are easy to mine, with coal resources, which may be impossible to mine.
Time for rethink
Rutledge's study also shows that, historically, national governments in the five regions have overestimated their reserves by a factor of four on average.
"These appraisals are large-scale issues," he says. "But they're done by governments. What's the incentive for governments not to give a number that is too high?"
James Murray of the University of Washington agrees.
In a talk being presented later this month at the American Geophysical Union Joint Assembly, he plans to call for a re-evaluation of IPCC emissions scenarios, all 40 of which overstate humanity's ability to emit the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, according to Rutledge's numbers.
The committee's projections predict CO2 levels in the atmosphere to approach 500 parts per million by 2050, if emissions continue on their current trend.
But Rutledge's work suggest that even if humans burn all the coal and oil we can get our hands on, we won't be able to push CO2 past 450 ppm. Oil sands and other unconventional fossil fuels probably won't add much to that total.
Murray and Rutledge diverge on the question of climate effects, though.
Using IPCC models, Rutlgedge argues that global temperatures won't get higher than 2°C above pre-industrial levels, at the lower end of what scientists think might spark 'dangerous' climate change.
"We're still going to have global warming, and it's a serious threat," says Murray. "I have no doubt the IPCC dramatically underestimates climate sensitivity."
Regardless of climate impacts, the concern over looming energy scarcity may be more acute than ever.
"I think we'll see peak coal somewhere between 2025 and 2035," says Richard Heinberg of the Post Carbon Institute in California. "This has huge economic implications. Without growth in our energy supplies, it's very difficult to see how we're going to grow the economy."
Source: http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2009/05/13/2569143.htm
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Saturday, 16 May 09
FREIGHT MARKET HAS BEEN EXTREMELY BUOYANT - VISTAAR SINGAPORE
COALspot.com (Singapore): The week saw the BDI rally continuing and the market freight market has been extremely buoyant, VISTAAR Shipping Pte Limit ...
Friday, 15 May 09
INDIKA EXPECTS TO INCREASE COAL PRODUCTION BY 12.68% IN 2010 - THE JAKARTA POST
ENERGY and infrastructure company PT Indika Energy, the parent company of Indonesia's third largest coal producer PT Kideco Jaya Agung, expects its ...
Thursday, 14 May 09
INDONESIA 2009 COAL OUTPUT REVISED DOWN - REUTERS
* Indonesia coal output seen at 240 million tonnes in 2009
* Coal exports down 11.2 pct to 44.79 mln tonnes in Q1 2009
* Production down 1.4 pct t ...
Thursday, 14 May 09
PAKISTAN WILL IMPORT 3.2 MILLION TON OF COAL IN 2009 - SEATRADE
COALspot.com (Pakistan) - SEATRADE Group of pakistan a single largest imported coal supplier in Pakistan, forecasting Pakistan steam coal imports wi ...
Wednesday, 13 May 09
ADARO, ITM EXPECT COAL GROWTH IN 2009
Adaro, which has a market capitalization of $3.64 billion, sells to 48 customers in 18 countries worldwide, including power utilities Thai Power and ...
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- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- PTC India Limited - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- VISA Power Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Planning Commission, India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- The University of Queensland
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Australian Coal Association
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
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