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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Tuesday, 05 June 18
SOUTH KOREA'S SULPHUR CAP ALTERS ASIAN COAL MARKET DYNAMICS: RUSSELL
South Korea’s imposition of a strict sulphur cap on its imported coal is likely to cause ripples across Asia’s markets for the pollutin ...
Tuesday, 05 June 18
THINGS STILL LOOK TO BE PROMISING FOR THE DRY BULK MARKET OVER THE NEXT COUPLE OF MONTHS - GEORGE LAZARIDIS
Just as we thought the world was calming back down to reason, worries and frictions regarding global trade resurfaced this past week after a series ...
Tuesday, 05 June 18
INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE IS GOING UP AGAIN
COALspot.com: According to latest ministerial decree No. 1857 K/30/MEM/2018 dated 4 June 2018, the Indonesian Coal Price Reference (HBA) up 7.91 pe ...
Saturday, 02 June 18
HOW CARBON UTILISATION WILL BE A KEY STEP IN INDIA'S CLIMATE STRATEGY - BENJAMIN SPORTON
For India, energy remains the key driver of growth, not only from an economic perspective but more importantly for accelerating social development. ...
Thursday, 31 May 18
SUPRAMAX: INDO/CHINA COAL RV IS GETTING FIXED AROUND $13K DELIVERY SINGAPORE - FEARNLEYS
Capesize
The Cape market has been on a downward trend for the past week.
According to Fearnleys, Oslo based broker, Brazil market ...
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Showing 1706 to 1710 news of total 6871 |
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- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- The University of Queensland
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Minerals Council of Australia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
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