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Friday, 13 May 16
COAL CARGOES - SOME RECENT DEVELOPMENTS: SWEDISH CLUB
 KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
Indonesia continues to be amongst the world’s major exporters of coal, some 426Mt being traded in 2013 mostly to India and China. The potential problems associated with coals from Indonesia are now well known to the shipping community and typically stem from a propensity of the material to self-heat, leading potentially to “spontaneous combustion”. Incidents continue to occur with barges of coal being presented for loading with stows that are evolving steam or even on fire.
Experience has enabled advice to be provided on how to manage such situations both by attending loading and discharge, or by advising remotely. More recently, however, incidents have occurred where gas readings have shown that coal already loaded exhibits not only self-heating characteristics but also significant methane emission. It may be the case that such cargoes are commercially selected blends of different mined products because coals with these two different properties are typically geologically distinct. The IMO International Maritime Solid Bulk Code entry for coal provides clear guidance as to how to deal with coals with either one property but the guidance is less clear if both are apparent. Moreover, the basic strategy for dealing with self-heating is to starve the coal of oxygen (i.e. air) by sealing the hatch covers and other openings, whereas for methane emission the strategy is to provide ventilation – the exact opposite. Such incidents, therefore, call for very careful management and the need for expert advice.
On board monitoring of coal cargoes in such situations relies to a very high degree on taking accurate gas readings, using equipment of the type specified in the IMSBC Code capable of measuring the concentrations of methane, oxygen and carbon monoxide. Although under “normal conditions” the Code indicates that one set of measurements per day is sufficient, if problems occur then in the initial stages this frequency might be considerably increased, perhaps to every two or three hours in order to monitor the conditions developing in the holds and the effectiveness of any actions taken.
The atmospheres that are sampled under such conditions may contain high concentrations of carbon monoxide and flammable gases (including methane) and virtually no oxygen. Experience shows that some sensors in gas detectors repeatedly exposed to such extremes may eventually not provide accurate readings or may fail altogether, although modern sensors may be somewhat less prone to these effects. In addition, the readings obtained from different instruments at the same time are rarely identical and sometimes vary greatly. As an extreme example, in a recent case it was found that two different gas analysers, both within their calibration dates and both ostensibly working normally, on occasion gave readings from the same location that were an order of magnitude apart. Clearly this could have a major effect on decision making.
On the same topic, at the 94th session of the IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee in November 2014, a new SOLAS regulation was agreed (XI-1/7) requiring that on or after 01 July 2016 all vessels (of 500 g.r.t. and above) must carry portable detectors capable of measuring the concentrations of oxygen, flammable gases, hydrogen sulphide and carbon monoxide along with the additional requirement that “suitable means shall be provided for the calibration of all such instruments”. It is hoped that by carrying calibration equipment, ship’s crews will be able more easily to identify when an analyser is not working correctly and needs to be serviced or replaced. Of course in many parts of the world technical facilities for the repair or replacement of analysers may not be immediately available. In the case of coal carriers loading in remote locations, Owners and Managers may thus wish to consider having a second calibrated analyser kept separately on board for back-up purposes.
When it comes to selecting suitable analysers, the IMSBC Code notes that the catalytic sensors used to measure methane concentrations (usually on the “%lel” scale) may not provide accurate results in atmospheres with a low oxygen content; “low” in this context typically being less than about 10%. This disadvantage can be overcome by the use of instruments that incorporate infrared (“IR”) sensors, which do not require the simultaneous presence of oxygen. In addition, modern analysers which can measure carbon monoxide concentrations of 2000ppm or more offer distinct advantages when monitoring incidents of self-heating.
Source: The Swedish Club
About The Swedish Club
The Swedish Club is a leading marine mutual insurer, headquartered in Gothenburg, Sweden, and with offices in some of the world's strategic shipping centres. The Swedish Club is a true mutual organisation with focus on marine safety and loss prevention.
Established in 1872, it is owned and self-managed and under the direct control of its members. All strategic decisions are taken by a Board of Directors drawn from the members.
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Friday, 20 May 16
U.S COAL PRODUCTION FOR THE WEEK ENDED 14 MAY TOTALED 11.4 MMST; UP 3.8% W/W
COALspot.com – U.S the world’s second largest coal producer has produced approximately totaled an estimated 11.4 million short tons (mm ...
Thursday, 19 May 16
AUSTRALIAN IRON ORE CARGOES PUSHED UP THE FREIGHT RATES FOR CAPE THIS WEEK - FEARNLEYS
Cape
It has been a big jump in the freight rates for Cape size this week, says Fearnleys in its latest weekly report. All of the Australian iron ...
Thursday, 19 May 16
DISPUTE OVER VAT ON COAL DRAGS ON, CAUSING DOUBLE-BLOW TO MINERS - JP
The dispute over the value-added tax ( VAT ) mechanism between coal miners operating under third-generation contracts and the Finance Ministry&rsqu ...
Wednesday, 18 May 16
DRY BULK OUTLOOK REMAINS GLOOMY SAYS DANISH SHIP FINANCE, AS SHIPPING NEEDS TO RETHINK BUSINESS MODEL - HELLENIC SHIPPING
Our Shipping Market Review – May 2016 is devoted to the fourth industrial revolution. To understand the truly disruptive nature of the fourth ...
Wednesday, 18 May 16
LONG TERM FUNDAMENTALS ARE SLOWLY IMPROVING FOR THE DRY BULK MARKET - INTERMODAL
As we are approaching the end of the first half of the year, there is a number of market participants over at the dry bulk sector that have started ...
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Showing 2426 to 2430 news of total 6871 |
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- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Planning Commission, India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Australian Coal Association
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- The University of Queensland
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
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