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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Monday, 31 December 12
"DISTRESSED", "ECO" AND "FINANCE" ARE THE THREE WORDS WHICH CHARACTERIZED 2012 - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
2012 was yet another year of speculation, anticipation, pessimism and more speculation in the shipping markets. According to the latest weekly repor ...
Saturday, 29 December 12
SHIPBREAKING YARDS IN INDIA DEMOLISH A TOTAL OF 527 VESSELS IN 2012, BREAKING ALL PREVIOUS RECORDS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
India's ship demolition experts of Star Matrix contemplated this week on the issue of why ships in the range of 1,000 and up to 6,500 liquid tons ( ...
Thursday, 27 December 12
A LOOK AT WORLD TRADE PATTERNS DURING 2013 - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
While China's leaders are likely to stick with the 2012 economic growth rate of 7.5% when they chart a course for 2013 - its weakest pace since 199 ...
Thursday, 27 December 12
INDONESIA SHIPPED 33.578* MMT COAL IN NOVEMBER
COALspot.com: Indonesia, the world largest multi grade coal exporter has shipped 33.578* million tons of coal in November 2012. thi ...
Wednesday, 26 December 12
UPDATE ON EXPORT BAN ON RAW MINERALS AND ORE - RITA SUSANTO
COALspot.com - In May 2012, the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources (“MoEMR”) in Regulation No.7 (“Reg-7”, amended by R ...
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- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- PTC India Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Australian Coal Association
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- White Energy Company Limited
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Minerals Council of Australia
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