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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Saturday, 22 December 12
FALL IN CAPE AND PANAMAX RATES DRAG BDI INDEX - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The freight market further softened this week closing at 700 points (down by 10.71 pct). The cape index continued to fall and w ...
Saturday, 22 December 12
DELTA DUNIA MAKMUR PRODUCED 3.2 MILLION TONS OF COAL IN NOVEMBER' 12
COALspot.com - PT Delta Dunia Makmur Tbk., has removed 28.1 million bcm* (+1.8% YoY) of Overburden in November 2012 while coal production was at 3.2 ...
Friday, 21 December 12
JORC CODE, 2012 EDITION NOW FINALIZED
COALspot.com - The JORC Committee has announced that, the completion of the review of the JORC Code of 2012 Edition.
The JORC Code, 2012 Ed ...
Thursday, 20 December 12
COAL CLOSING IN ON OIL AS WORLD'S TOP ENERGY SOURCE BY 2017
COALspot.com - Coal’s share of the global energy mix continues to rise, and by 2017 coal will come close to surpassing oil as the world’ ...
Thursday, 20 December 12
CHINA'S IRON ORE AND COAL DEMAND WILL SHAPE THE CAPESIZE DRY BULK TRADE DURING 2013 - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
Despite the best efforts from ship owners to help alleviate the current tonnage oversupply issue in the dry bulk segment, especially in the larger v ...
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- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Planning Commission, India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- White Energy Company Limited
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
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