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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Sunday, 06 January 13
FREIGHT MARKET REMAINED FAIRLY STEADY - VISTAAR
WISH YOU ALL HAPPY NEW YEAR
COALspot.com - The freight market remained fairly steady in spite of Christmas / New Year Holidays. The BDI was almos ...
Saturday, 05 January 13
THE SHIPPING MARKET IN 2012 AND LOOKING FORWARD - BIMCO
Global Economy: Things will go up from here
The global economy continues to grow, albeit at a slower pace than previous years. The slower economic ...
Friday, 04 January 13
DRY BULK MARKET LOOKING FOR DIRECTION IN FIRST TRADING DAYS OF THE NEW YEAR - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
The dry bulk market is actively looking for its footing at the start of the New Year, as charters have been scarce, as is usually the case during th ...
Thursday, 03 January 13
INDONESIAN SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL SWAPS CLOSED US$ 6.86 HIGHER FOR 2014 DELIVERY
COALspot.com - Swaps prices were changed positively for thermal coal for loading in the first quarter from Indonesia, according to SGX AsiaClear OTC ...
Thursday, 03 January 13
SUPRMAX FREIGHT RATE FROM RED SEA / INDIA IS AROUND MID TEENS - FEARNLEYS
Fearnleys in its weekly report said that, Indian market was very quiet in respect of export of iron ore. For Indo-India trip Supra rate was hovering ...
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- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Australian Coal Association
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- PTC India Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
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