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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Sunday, 13 January 13
THE FREIGHT MARKET: FAIRLY STEADY - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The freight market was fairly steady with all the indices up with maximum gain in the Panamax segment. The BDI was up by 7.65 pct clo ...
Saturday, 12 January 13
SUB-BIT FOB INDONESIA COAL SWAPS: WEAK
COALspot.com - Sub-Bit Indonesia coal swaps (FOB ) for average Q1’ 2013 delivery has lost 0.32 percent WoW but CFR South China coal ship ...
Saturday, 12 January 13
HIGHER COAL PRICES: SEASONAL EFFECT
COALspot.com : Bahana Securities, one of the leading securities in Indonesia, said in its latest coal outlook that, on US and China&rsquo ...
Friday, 11 January 13
HBA HAS JUMPED BY US$ 5.80 PMT IN JANUARY 2013
COALspot.com - The Indonesian government has declared bench mark price for coal higher than December price. The monthly coal reference price f ...
Thursday, 10 January 13
PANAMAX : SOME GLIMMERS OF HOPE MID WEEK - FEARNLEYS
According to Fearnley’s weekly report, the Atlantic handy market is stable with rates around USD 11k for Cont-Feast and USD 17k bss USG/Feast. ...
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- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
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