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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Wednesday, 26 May 10
ADANI GROUP EYES AFRICA FOR COAL MINING PROJECTS
India Info Line reported that, After acquiring coal mines for importing Indonesian coal to run its thermal power plants in the country, the Adani Gr ...
Wednesday, 26 May 10
DRY BULK MARKET SHOOTS UP, CLOSES IN ON POST-CRISIS ERA HIGHS
In an opposite trend than that of the previous week, the Baltic Dry Index (BDI), a benchmark for tracking costs to haul commodities at sea, shot up ...
Wednesday, 26 May 10
BUMI TO CUT UP TO USD 1 BILLION DEBT IN 12 MONTHS
Press Release : PT Bumi Resources Tbk. announced yesterday that it has revived its intent to issue non preemptive shares and added this to the agend ...
Tuesday, 25 May 10
COAL PRODUCTION MAY REACH 320 MILLION TONS THIS YEAR - THE JAKARTA POST
The Jakarta Post reported that, Indonesian coal miners expect to produce as much as 320 million tons of coal this year, an increase of nearly 7 perc ...
Tuesday, 25 May 10
KALIMANTAN COAL RAIL PROJECT RUNS INTO COST DELAY - THE JAKARTA GLOBE
The Jakart globe reported that, A$1.5 billion coal rail and port project planned for Central Kalimantan may be delayed by a year after a review of t ...
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- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Australian Coal Association
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Planning Commission, India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Parliament of New Zealand
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- The University of Queensland
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
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