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Monday, 31 October 22
U.S. COAL-FIRED GENERATION DECLINING AFTER BRIEF RISE LAST YEAR - EIA
.jpg) We expect 6% less U.S. coal-fired generation in 2022 than in 2021, according to our latest Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO). Although coal-fired generation declined each year between 2014 and 2020, it rose 16% in 2021 as a result of increased electricity demand and higher natural gas prices following the pandemic. Despite natural gas prices remaining high, coal-fired generation has continued its previous trend of decline this year as a result of constrained coal supply.
Coal and natural gas are two of the most prevalent sources of power generation in the United States. Natural gas-fired power plants that use modern combined-cycle technology can compete effectively with coal-fired generation because they operate with 30% to 35% greater efficiency. This difference affects relative fuel costs between coal and natural gas and the substitution between the two fuels.
Between 2020 and 2021, the delivered cost of natural gas for power generators nearly doubled while the delivered cost of coal grew by only 3%. The increase in natural gas prices caused the share of total natural gas-fired generation to fall to 37% in 2021 from 39% in 2020. In contrast, coal-fired generation increased in 2021 for the first time since 2014 and averaged 23% of U.S. generation, up from 20% in 2020.
The cost of delivering fuel to coal-fired and natural gas-fired generators depends on a wide variety of factors. Wholesale power prices are generally set by the price of natural gas, and natural gas prices have been volatile throughout most of 2022. Compared with coal-fired generators, costs for natural gas-fired generators are more dynamic. Natural gas is bought mostly in the daily, monthly, and seasonal markets to align fuel needs with power sales, which can be highly uncertain. Costs for coal-fired generators are more static because delivered coal prices are mostly based on long-term contracts and remain relatively steady for longer periods. So far this year, as reported to EIA, the delivered price of natural gas has increased more in percentage terms than the delivered price of coal, but natural gas prices for generators may decrease substantially in the fourth quarter.
Despite higher natural gas prices in 2022, we expect natural gas-fired generation will increase slightly this year, and its share of annual U.S. generation will increase from 37% to 38%. The electric power sector is not moving away from natural gas as we expected previously because coal-fired power plants, which have historically acted as a substitute for natural gas generation, have not been receiving enough coal to meet demand. We expect coal production to increase by less than 2% during 2022, and we expect much of that gain to be exported. We expect that the share of generation provided by coal will return to 20% in 2022, down from 23% last year.
Most coal is delivered to power plants by railroads in the United States, which have encountered a number of disruptions this year. Although U.S. coal inventories have been declining in recent years as coal-fired generators have retired, the limitations on coal deliveries have further constrained generators’ ability to replenish stocks and increase generation. During the first seven months of 2022, coal inventories at power plants averaged 23% lower than in 2021.
Source: EIA
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Friday, 18 November 22
REALITIES OF LOI LIABILITIES - BALTIC EXCHANGE
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
The cargo misdelivery claim in Trafigura Maritime Logistics Pte Ltd v. Clearlake Shipping Pte Ltd (Miracle Hope) [2022] E ...
Tuesday, 15 November 22
CHINA SEES RISING COAL STORAGE AMID SUPPLY PUSH - XINHUA
Coal stockpiles at China’s power plants have seen considerable increases, ensuring energy supply for the winter, the country’s energy r ...
Tuesday, 15 November 22
SEABORNE THERMAL COAL PRICES START TO EASE, BUT PROCESS IS UNEVEN - REUTERS
Prices for seaborne thermal coal have started to drop as fears of a winter energy crunch ease, but the rate of decline has varied across the differ ...
Thursday, 10 November 22
INDIA: THERMAL PLANTS HAVE ADEQUATE COAL STOCKS AT 25.6 MILLION TONNES, SAYS GOVT - IANS
The coal stock with domestic dry fuel-based power plants, as on October 31, was 25.6 million tonnes, the government said, adding that the availabil ...
Tuesday, 08 November 22
OUTLOOK ON CHINA’S WEAKENED BASIC MATERIALS SECTOR CLOUDED BY POLICY SWINGS - FITCH RATINGS
Fitch Ratings expects basic materials demand in China to improve qoq in 4Q22, driven by seasonally higher construction activity, solid infrastructu ...
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- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- PTC India Limited - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- The University of Queensland
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
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