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Monday, 31 October 22
U.S. COAL-FIRED GENERATION DECLINING AFTER BRIEF RISE LAST YEAR - EIA
.jpg) We expect 6% less U.S. coal-fired generation in 2022 than in 2021, according to our latest Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO). Although coal-fired generation declined each year between 2014 and 2020, it rose 16% in 2021 as a result of increased electricity demand and higher natural gas prices following the pandemic. Despite natural gas prices remaining high, coal-fired generation has continued its previous trend of decline this year as a result of constrained coal supply.
Coal and natural gas are two of the most prevalent sources of power generation in the United States. Natural gas-fired power plants that use modern combined-cycle technology can compete effectively with coal-fired generation because they operate with 30% to 35% greater efficiency. This difference affects relative fuel costs between coal and natural gas and the substitution between the two fuels.
Between 2020 and 2021, the delivered cost of natural gas for power generators nearly doubled while the delivered cost of coal grew by only 3%. The increase in natural gas prices caused the share of total natural gas-fired generation to fall to 37% in 2021 from 39% in 2020. In contrast, coal-fired generation increased in 2021 for the first time since 2014 and averaged 23% of U.S. generation, up from 20% in 2020.
The cost of delivering fuel to coal-fired and natural gas-fired generators depends on a wide variety of factors. Wholesale power prices are generally set by the price of natural gas, and natural gas prices have been volatile throughout most of 2022. Compared with coal-fired generators, costs for natural gas-fired generators are more dynamic. Natural gas is bought mostly in the daily, monthly, and seasonal markets to align fuel needs with power sales, which can be highly uncertain. Costs for coal-fired generators are more static because delivered coal prices are mostly based on long-term contracts and remain relatively steady for longer periods. So far this year, as reported to EIA, the delivered price of natural gas has increased more in percentage terms than the delivered price of coal, but natural gas prices for generators may decrease substantially in the fourth quarter.
Despite higher natural gas prices in 2022, we expect natural gas-fired generation will increase slightly this year, and its share of annual U.S. generation will increase from 37% to 38%. The electric power sector is not moving away from natural gas as we expected previously because coal-fired power plants, which have historically acted as a substitute for natural gas generation, have not been receiving enough coal to meet demand. We expect coal production to increase by less than 2% during 2022, and we expect much of that gain to be exported. We expect that the share of generation provided by coal will return to 20% in 2022, down from 23% last year.
Most coal is delivered to power plants by railroads in the United States, which have encountered a number of disruptions this year. Although U.S. coal inventories have been declining in recent years as coal-fired generators have retired, the limitations on coal deliveries have further constrained generators’ ability to replenish stocks and increase generation. During the first seven months of 2022, coal inventories at power plants averaged 23% lower than in 2021.
Source: EIA
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Wednesday, 21 June 23
CHINA'S MAY COAL IMPORTS FROM AUSTRALIA RECOVER TO PRE-BAN LEVELS - REUTERS
Australian coal sales to China increased in May, as trade resumed between them even as overall coal demand weakened against an uncertain macroecono ...
Monday, 19 June 23
DROUGHT-DEPLETED HYDROPOWER DRIVES CHINA TO TURN TO COAL - REUTERS
China has leant hard on coal-fired power plants as well as wind and solar generators to make up for a shortfall in hydroelectric generation as a re ...
Monday, 19 June 23
CHINA COAL OUTPUT UP 4.2 PCT IN MAY - XINHUA
China’s raw coal output posted steady growth in May, official data showed.
The country produced 390 million tonnes of raw coal ...
Wednesday, 24 May 23
AMMONIA-FUELLED BULK CARRIERS WITHIN FIVE YEARS - BALTIC EXCHANGE
Within five years, ships powered by clean ammonia could be a feature on the iron ore trade routes between West Australia and East Asia.
A study ...
Tuesday, 23 May 23
CHINA'S APRIL COAL OUTPUT LEAPS 11% ON YEAR, BUT DEMAND DOWNTURN LOOMS - REUTERS
China’s daily coal output in April jumped 11% from the same month a year earlier, boosted by Beijing’s order to increase supply to ensu ...
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- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- The University of Queensland
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Australian Coal Association
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- White Energy Company Limited
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
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