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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 26 October 21
CHINA'S COAL-RICH SHANXI BEEFS UP COAL PRODUCTION - XINHUA
Major coal producers in north China’s Shanxi Province, a leading coal-producing region of the country, have beefed up production to ensure en ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
ENERGY CRISIS SHOWS COAL IS AN EXPENSIVE AND UNRELIABLE SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION - IEEFA
Any knee-jerk reaction that urges more investment in coal completely misses the point
India is teetering on the brink of joining a growing glo ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
CHINA TO INVESTIGATE ENERGY INDEX PROVIDERS IN BID TO TAME COAL PRICES - REUTERS
China said on Monday it will investigate energy price index providers as it urged coal industry participants to “strictly” meet contrac ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
THERE IS PLENTY OF COAL AND GAS IN THE WORLD BUT A VOLATILE MARKET IS NOBODY'S FRIEND - IEEFA
Gas will be winding its way out of the energy system
Gas prices are continuing to surge around the world. The cost of gas is at unpr ...
Tuesday, 26 October 21
AUSTRALIA EXPORTED 51.6 MLN TONNES OF COAL TO INDIA IN FIRST 10 MONTHS, 19% OF ALL AUSTRALIAN COAL EXPORTS; CHINA WAS THE DESTINATION FOR JUST 0.7% - BANCHERO COSTA
2020 proved to be a truly terrible year for global seaborne coal trade. In 2021 things started pretty badly, but we are seeing increasing signs of ...
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- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- PTC India Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Australian Coal Association
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
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