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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Monday, 09 August 21
CHINA COAL INVENTORY THINS AMID PEAK POWER DEMAND- STATE MEDIA : REUTERS
China’s coal inventories have dropped to near historic lows since August due to peak summer electricity demand and transportation bottlenecks ...
Wednesday, 04 August 21
THE INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE SURGED TO A FRESH RECORD HIGH OF USD 130.99 A TON IN AUGUST 2021
COALspot.com: The Indonesian Coal Price Reference ( HBA) surged to a fresh record high of USD 130.99 a ton in August 2021.
The ...
Wednesday, 04 August 21
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
Unlike the Dry Bulk and Container sectors where freight rates have surged into 2021, the tankers market continues to experience lackluster earnings ...
Sunday, 01 August 21
SEABORNE HARD COAL TRADE IN 2020 DECREASED BY 149 MILLION MT, OR 12.1%, TO 1,083 MILLION MT - GERMAN COAL IMPORTERS ASSOCIATION
- Reduced coal-fired power plant fleet secures Germany’s power supply in severe winter of 2020/2021; little wind availability and hence stron ...
Wednesday, 28 July 21
IN THE PHILIPPINES, COAL’S DEMISE MAKES WAY FOR A RENEWABLE ENERGY BOOM - IEEFA
Imported gas lock-in could undermine the economic benefits of a clean energy transition
The Philippines’ energy sector is on t ...
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- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
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- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- White Energy Company Limited
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Australian Coal Association
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
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- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- London Commodity Brokers - England
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- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
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