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Monday, 24 February 20
COULD SOME VLSFO FUELS BE BANNED? - GIBSON
 The run up to the implementation of the new IMO rules on marine fuels from1st January 2020 had owners and charterers analysing the various fuelling options said Gibson Ship Brokers in its latest weekly report.
The report further noted that, from late-November there were some delays in receiving the correct bunkers, but overall, considering the scale of what was to be done within the shipping world, the switch seems to have gone smoothly. As with all things that are new, there needs to be some time to bed in and to acclimatize to new rules and regulations. But overall, bunker suppliers have been able to supply on-spec fuels. However, the switch over seems to have brought with it a new and somewhat ominous complication, that of the potential for some blended low sulphur fuels to produce more black carbon than the fuels they replaced. Black carbon emissions are a short-lived pollutant that absorbs sunlight and traps heat in the atmosphere. While it stays in the atmosphere for only a few days or weeks, its impact is that it traps 3200-times more heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, measured over a 20-year period. When black carbon settles in the Arctic, it reduces the reflectiveness of the snow and ice and generates heat, which accelerates melting. This makes the Arctic – which according to reports is already warming twice as fast as the rest of the world-particularly sensitive to these emissions.
Gibson Ship Broker’s research team further said, black carbon is material produced and emitted as a solid particulate matter from the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels. HFO typically contains approximately 60% aromatics, which contain a higher proportion of carbon than other hydrocarbon types and they have a tendency to smoke when burnt. The recent media interest in the performance of the new VLSFO fuels has pointed out that these fuels are responsible for increased levels of black carbon pollution due to their higher aromatic content. However, whilst it is possible that certain VLSFOs may have elevated aromatic content, it is expected that for VLSFO fuels produced by blending, these will have lower aromatic content than a typical HFO due to the major blended component (distillate) having typically half the aromatic content. Therefore, it is difficult to reason that all VLSFOs, especially those produced from various blends, produce more black carbon due to their aromatic content. However, there is also the added complication that emissions of black carbon are also related to the engine type and its operating load. Slow speed two-stroke engines, used in larger ocean going vessels are considered to have lower black carbon emission factors than higher speed four stroke engines. For larger engines, increasing engine load reduces black carbon emissions, whereas for smaller engines the reverse is true. Vessels that have scrubbers installed provide an approximate 30% reduction in black carbon emissions.
According to Gibson, a study conducted by Finland and Germany and submitted to the IMO found the new VLSFO used by ships contained high levels of aromatic compounds, causing a surge in black carbon emissions. The group have submitted a new proposal to the sub-committee on pollution and prevention response that will meet in late-February in London. They are demanding a prohibition of VLSFO blends that lead to increases in black carbon emissions. They want the IMO to encourage relevant stakeholders to observe a voluntary prohibition on the use of any marine fuel whose aromatic content is likely to lead to black carbon emissions greater than those commonly associated with distillate fuels until a ban comes into effect. The move to lower emission fuels is considered a positive direction within the shipping sector. However, there still seems to be much to be learned with how these fuels are produced and their potential impact on the environment.
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Friday, 14 February 20
IS THE US COAL INDUSTRY COMPLETELY BURNED OUT? -FORBES
This is the fourth of a multi-part series on the state of the main sources of energy in the US and how they compare globally. The series will cover ...
Friday, 14 February 20
FITCH RTGS: GLOBAL PORTS VULNERABLE TO CORONAVIRUS - RELATED VOLUME DECLINES
Global ports will see reduced trade volumes as a result of the coronavirus, COVID-19, which would become more severe should Chinese production take ...
Thursday, 13 February 20
INDIA: MAJOR PORTS SHOW MUTED GROWTH IN CARGO AS THERMAL COAL VOLUME SLIDES 15% - BUSINESS STANDARD
A sharp slide of 15 per cent in thermal coal volumes weighed on the performance of major ports during the period of April-January of FY20. The majo ...
Wednesday, 12 February 20
REFINING SET FOR A CHALLENGING 2020 - WOOD MACKENZIE
Downstream isn’t the glamorous end of the oil business. And in Big Oil, it’s typically dwarfed by upstream. Yet having been forced to r ...
Wednesday, 12 February 20
COAL INDIA WILL EXCEED LAST YEAR'S PRODUCTION FIGURES: OFFICIAL - PTI
Despite coal production being hampered at Dipka mines due to prolonged rains, Coal India Ltd will exceed last year’s production figures, a to ...
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- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- The University of Queensland
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Planning Commission, India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Australian Coal Association
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- White Energy Company Limited
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
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