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Monday, 24 February 20
COULD SOME VLSFO FUELS BE BANNED? - GIBSON
 The run up to the implementation of the new IMO rules on marine fuels from1st January 2020 had owners and charterers analysing the various fuelling options said Gibson Ship Brokers in its latest weekly report.
The report further noted that, from late-November there were some delays in receiving the correct bunkers, but overall, considering the scale of what was to be done within the shipping world, the switch seems to have gone smoothly. As with all things that are new, there needs to be some time to bed in and to acclimatize to new rules and regulations. But overall, bunker suppliers have been able to supply on-spec fuels. However, the switch over seems to have brought with it a new and somewhat ominous complication, that of the potential for some blended low sulphur fuels to produce more black carbon than the fuels they replaced. Black carbon emissions are a short-lived pollutant that absorbs sunlight and traps heat in the atmosphere. While it stays in the atmosphere for only a few days or weeks, its impact is that it traps 3200-times more heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, measured over a 20-year period. When black carbon settles in the Arctic, it reduces the reflectiveness of the snow and ice and generates heat, which accelerates melting. This makes the Arctic – which according to reports is already warming twice as fast as the rest of the world-particularly sensitive to these emissions.
Gibson Ship Broker’s research team further said, black carbon is material produced and emitted as a solid particulate matter from the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels. HFO typically contains approximately 60% aromatics, which contain a higher proportion of carbon than other hydrocarbon types and they have a tendency to smoke when burnt. The recent media interest in the performance of the new VLSFO fuels has pointed out that these fuels are responsible for increased levels of black carbon pollution due to their higher aromatic content. However, whilst it is possible that certain VLSFOs may have elevated aromatic content, it is expected that for VLSFO fuels produced by blending, these will have lower aromatic content than a typical HFO due to the major blended component (distillate) having typically half the aromatic content. Therefore, it is difficult to reason that all VLSFOs, especially those produced from various blends, produce more black carbon due to their aromatic content. However, there is also the added complication that emissions of black carbon are also related to the engine type and its operating load. Slow speed two-stroke engines, used in larger ocean going vessels are considered to have lower black carbon emission factors than higher speed four stroke engines. For larger engines, increasing engine load reduces black carbon emissions, whereas for smaller engines the reverse is true. Vessels that have scrubbers installed provide an approximate 30% reduction in black carbon emissions.
According to Gibson, a study conducted by Finland and Germany and submitted to the IMO found the new VLSFO used by ships contained high levels of aromatic compounds, causing a surge in black carbon emissions. The group have submitted a new proposal to the sub-committee on pollution and prevention response that will meet in late-February in London. They are demanding a prohibition of VLSFO blends that lead to increases in black carbon emissions. They want the IMO to encourage relevant stakeholders to observe a voluntary prohibition on the use of any marine fuel whose aromatic content is likely to lead to black carbon emissions greater than those commonly associated with distillate fuels until a ban comes into effect. The move to lower emission fuels is considered a positive direction within the shipping sector. However, there still seems to be much to be learned with how these fuels are produced and their potential impact on the environment.
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Friday, 14 February 20
IS THE US COAL INDUSTRY COMPLETELY BURNED OUT? -FORBES
This is the fourth of a multi-part series on the state of the main sources of energy in the US and how they compare globally. The series will cover ...
Friday, 14 February 20
FITCH RTGS: GLOBAL PORTS VULNERABLE TO CORONAVIRUS - RELATED VOLUME DECLINES
Global ports will see reduced trade volumes as a result of the coronavirus, COVID-19, which would become more severe should Chinese production take ...
Thursday, 13 February 20
INDIA: MAJOR PORTS SHOW MUTED GROWTH IN CARGO AS THERMAL COAL VOLUME SLIDES 15% - BUSINESS STANDARD
A sharp slide of 15 per cent in thermal coal volumes weighed on the performance of major ports during the period of April-January of FY20. The majo ...
Wednesday, 12 February 20
REFINING SET FOR A CHALLENGING 2020 - WOOD MACKENZIE
Downstream isn’t the glamorous end of the oil business. And in Big Oil, it’s typically dwarfed by upstream. Yet having been forced to r ...
Wednesday, 12 February 20
COAL INDIA WILL EXCEED LAST YEAR'S PRODUCTION FIGURES: OFFICIAL - PTI
Despite coal production being hampered at Dipka mines due to prolonged rains, Coal India Ltd will exceed last year’s production figures, a to ...
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- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- PTC India Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- The University of Queensland
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Australian Coal Association
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
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