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Monday, 24 February 20
COULD SOME VLSFO FUELS BE BANNED? - GIBSON
 The run up to the implementation of the new IMO rules on marine fuels from1st January 2020 had owners and charterers analysing the various fuelling options said Gibson Ship Brokers in its latest weekly report.
The report further noted that, from late-November there were some delays in receiving the correct bunkers, but overall, considering the scale of what was to be done within the shipping world, the switch seems to have gone smoothly. As with all things that are new, there needs to be some time to bed in and to acclimatize to new rules and regulations. But overall, bunker suppliers have been able to supply on-spec fuels. However, the switch over seems to have brought with it a new and somewhat ominous complication, that of the potential for some blended low sulphur fuels to produce more black carbon than the fuels they replaced. Black carbon emissions are a short-lived pollutant that absorbs sunlight and traps heat in the atmosphere. While it stays in the atmosphere for only a few days or weeks, its impact is that it traps 3200-times more heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, measured over a 20-year period. When black carbon settles in the Arctic, it reduces the reflectiveness of the snow and ice and generates heat, which accelerates melting. This makes the Arctic – which according to reports is already warming twice as fast as the rest of the world-particularly sensitive to these emissions.
Gibson Ship Broker’s research team further said, black carbon is material produced and emitted as a solid particulate matter from the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels. HFO typically contains approximately 60% aromatics, which contain a higher proportion of carbon than other hydrocarbon types and they have a tendency to smoke when burnt. The recent media interest in the performance of the new VLSFO fuels has pointed out that these fuels are responsible for increased levels of black carbon pollution due to their higher aromatic content. However, whilst it is possible that certain VLSFOs may have elevated aromatic content, it is expected that for VLSFO fuels produced by blending, these will have lower aromatic content than a typical HFO due to the major blended component (distillate) having typically half the aromatic content. Therefore, it is difficult to reason that all VLSFOs, especially those produced from various blends, produce more black carbon due to their aromatic content. However, there is also the added complication that emissions of black carbon are also related to the engine type and its operating load. Slow speed two-stroke engines, used in larger ocean going vessels are considered to have lower black carbon emission factors than higher speed four stroke engines. For larger engines, increasing engine load reduces black carbon emissions, whereas for smaller engines the reverse is true. Vessels that have scrubbers installed provide an approximate 30% reduction in black carbon emissions.
According to Gibson, a study conducted by Finland and Germany and submitted to the IMO found the new VLSFO used by ships contained high levels of aromatic compounds, causing a surge in black carbon emissions. The group have submitted a new proposal to the sub-committee on pollution and prevention response that will meet in late-February in London. They are demanding a prohibition of VLSFO blends that lead to increases in black carbon emissions. They want the IMO to encourage relevant stakeholders to observe a voluntary prohibition on the use of any marine fuel whose aromatic content is likely to lead to black carbon emissions greater than those commonly associated with distillate fuels until a ban comes into effect. The move to lower emission fuels is considered a positive direction within the shipping sector. However, there still seems to be much to be learned with how these fuels are produced and their potential impact on the environment.
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Wednesday, 19 February 20
AS OCEAN TEMPERATURES RISE, SHIPOWNERS LOOK FOR WAYS TO COPE - WARTSILA
The world is heating up, and its oceans are no exception. According to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the oceans absorb the majo ...
Wednesday, 19 February 20
MARKET INSIGHT - INTERMODAL
The coronavirus outbreak is estimated to negatively affect global economy by at least EUR400bn this year, representing around the 0.4% of global GD ...
Tuesday, 18 February 20
WEEKLY MARKET ANALYSIS - ALLIED
Under such poorly performing market circumstances, many usually take the historical approach, in order to better understand and further analyze the ...
Tuesday, 18 February 20
ADARO SHIPPED 27 PERCENT OF ITS TOTAL COAL PRODUCTION IN 2019 TO INDIA AND CHINA
PT Adaro Energy Tbk (AE) produced 58.03 Mt of coal from PT Adaro Indonesia (AI), Balangan Coal Companies and Adaro Me ...
Tuesday, 18 February 20
ADARO REMAINS POSITIVE ON THE LONG-TERM FUNDAMENTALS OF COAL MARKET SUPPORTED BY THE SOUTHEAST ASIA AND SOUTH ASIA REGION
The global seaborne thermal coal market in 2019 was faced with macro and industry challenges which pushed international coa ...
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- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Australian Coal Association
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- PTC India Limited - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Minerals Council of Australia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- The University of Queensland
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
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