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Wednesday, 15 January 20
PREDICTIONS FOR 2020: 'SLOWBALISATION" IS THE NEW GLOBALISATION - PWC
 Projecting what the future holds is an important exercise for businesses looking to plan ahead. Below we present a summary of some of the themes we assess will likely prevail in the global economy in 2020.
Trading goods across borders will likely remain tense…: A defining feature of the global economy since at least the 1970’s has been globalisation—the bringing together of economies predominantly via more liberal trade flows. The global volume of merchandise traded slowed down dramatically and even went in reverse in 2019 in contrast to a 21st century average growth rate of about 3.4% per annum*. Also, in December 2019 the World Trade Organization’s (“WTO”) dispute settlement mechanism was effectively disbanded. We expect this trend to continue in 2020 and for trade tensions in the global goods market to persist. This means that we assess globalisation is likely give way to ‘slowbalisation’ i.e. continued integration of the global economy via trade, financial and other flows but albeit at a significantly slower pace. Large businesses with sophisticated supply chains spread across the world should therefore plan for a variety of scenarios, some of which have not been experienced in recent history.
…but global services trade expected to hit US$7 trillion: One aspect of trade that is often neglected is trade in services, which is now about one third of the size of the global volume of merchandise trade. In contrast to goods, services remain largely unaffected from tariff wars. The latest 2018 data from the International Trade Centre (“ITC”) shows that the global export of services was worth about US$5.8 trillion, or around 3.5% of global GDP. We expect the total value of services exported to hit a record US$7 trillion by 2020. Assuming historic trends continue, the US and UK are likely to remain the first and second largest exporters of services in the world in US Dollar terms. But in yet another reminder of the shift of the centre of economic power from the West to the East we expect China to overtake France in 2020 and become the world’s fourth largest services exporter.
Global economy is expected to grow at a modest pace: Figure 1 shows that growth in merchandise trade flows and the global economy have been intrinsically linked. In our main scenario for 2020, we expect the global economy to expand at a rate of around 3.2% in purchasing power parity (“PPP”) terms which is below the 21st century average of 3.8% per annum. In our main scenario, we expect all of the major economies to grow, buoyed, in part, by accommodative financial conditions. US economic activity is likely to expand by around 2%, in line with its potential rate. Given the historically low unemployment rate, US employers, however, find it increasingly difficult to hire staff. Across the pond, the Eurozone is expected to grow at approximately half that rate (i.e. around 1%). Germany, and other economies that are sensitive to global trade flows, to become more reliant on household consumption as a source of growth instead of net exports and investment. For Germany, however, this could be challenging as households tend to save more than the European average. In the emerging world, we expect the Chinese economy to expand by less than 6%– but it can still add the equivalent of Saudi Arabia to the world economy in one year. The world’s six other largest emerging economies, including Turkey, should also grow in this scenario, with India leading the way.
Predictions for 2020
More jobs across the board but not necessarily spread equitably
We expect the G7 to continue to create jobs, to the tune of around 2 million. Four out of the five new jobs in the G7 will be created in the US, UK and Japan. As the pool of labour resources in the G7 gradually dries up, we assess earnings should continue their upward trajectory. But in the absence of productivity improvements, corporate profit margins could be squeezed. Similarly, the International Labour Organization (“ILO”) expects the seven largest emerging economies– the E7–to create about 8 million jobs in net terms. There are some exceptions to this– Russia and China are likely to experience a shrinking workforce because of demographic pressures. Finally, the ILO’s employment projections for the G7 show that jobs are likely to be taken up by men and women in equal measure. Within the E7, however, the ILO expects job creations to be less evenly distributed across genders.
India expected to rise in global economic rankings
According to the IMF’s latest estimates, 2019 was the year when India overtook the UK and France to become the fifth largest economy in the world. This is an ongoing process with India likely on current trends to overtake Germany before 2025 and Japan before 2030 to become the world’s largest economy behind China and the US. France and the UK will likely now vie for sixth place in the rankings, with their relative position dependent on the value of the pound against the euro which may remain volatile in 2020.
Germany may need to choose between ‘lower for longer’ interest rates or higher fiscal spending
The US is expected to run a US$1.2 trillion government deficit. The Eurozone, which is about the same size as the US economy will run a government deficit about 1/10 the size of the US. In fact, we expect almost half of the Eurozone member states to run a government budget surplus in 2020. Cyprus, Luxembourg and Germany are expected to run the largest surplus relative to their economic size while France and Italy are expected to be on the opposite end of the spectrum with continuing budget deficits. Germany is likely to come under renewed pressure to either increase its government spending or accept ‘lower for longer’ interest rates (see Figure 3). Further afield, of the Gulf Cooperation Council (“GCC”) countries, we only expect Qatar to run a government surplus in 2020. This could mean more policy action in the future to balance government budgets across the GCC.
US oil production expected to hit record levels
Global renewable energy and nuclear consumption will likely make up more than 20% of global energy consumption, which is the highest it has ever been. The rise of renewable energy reflects how businesses, households and governments are adapting and changing their attitudes. China is expected to be the largest consumer of this type of energy closely followed by Europe. However, oil is expected to continue to remain the most preferred source of energy in 2020 for the world economy followed by coal and natural gas. The US and China will almost certainly remain the largest consumers of oil in the world in 2020. In so far as the extraction and supply of oil (and other liquid forms of energy) is concerned the US may surpass the monthly 13 million barrels per day (“b/d”) threshold. To set into context, in the US crude oil was extracted at a rate of 5.5 million b/d 10 years ago.
Global population biggest it has ever been but also the greyest
According to the United Nations (“UN”), In 2020, the world’s population is expected to reach 7.7 billion, which is around a 10% increase compared to a decade ago. China, India and SubSaharan Africa are expected to drive around half of the world’s annual population increase. At the same time, the number of people above the age of 60 globally is expected to surpass the one billion mark. China is expected to have a larger number of people above the age of 65 than all the six other largest emerging economies put together. This calls into question how policymakers respond to this trend and fund future health and social care. This could also be an opportunity for businesses in advanced economies, who have been dealing with such issues for decades. In relative terms i.e. the proportion of people above the age of 65 relative to the country’s entire population, Japan is expected to remain the ‘greyest’ country in the world and Niger is expected to be the youngest.
Source: PWC
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Thursday, 16 January 20
SUPRAMAX: INDO/CHINA ROUND VOYAGE FIXING AROUND LOW/MID USD 6,000 BSS APS INDO - FEARNLEYS
Capesize
Still very rough seas for the big ships, with the majority of the fleet trading Far East or fronthaul and consequently earning far les ...
Wednesday, 15 January 20
ASIA PACIFIC GAS AND LNG - 6 THEMES TO WATCH IN 2020 - WOOD MACKENZIE
NEWS RELEASE
Wood Mackenzie has identified six themes that will impact Asia Pacific’s gas and LNG markets in 2020
Asian LNG spot pr ...
Wednesday, 15 January 20
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - INERMODAL
Happy New Year and all the best for IMO 2020 !!
The early days of IMO 2020 coming into force have certainly had an impact on the indus ...
Tuesday, 14 January 20
SOLAS AMENDMENTS ENTERING INTO FORCE 1 JANUARY 2020 - STANDARD CLUB
While the latest amendments to MARPOL annex VI which entered into force on 1 January 2020 limiting the SOx emissions from ships has been the centre ...
Tuesday, 14 January 20
MABUX: BUNKER MARKET THIS MORNING, JAN.14
MABUX World Bunker Index (consists of a range of prices for 380 HSFO, 180 HSFO and MGO (Gasoil) in the main world hubs) changed insignificant and i ...
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- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Australian Coal Association
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Planning Commission, India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- PTC India Limited - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
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