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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Monday, 07 May 18
BENCHMARK PRICE OF INDONESIAN THERMAL COAL DROPPED BACK BELOW $90 A TON THIS MONTH
COALspot.com: According to latest ministerial decree No. 1812 K/30/MEM/2018 dated 3 May 2018, the Indonesian Coal Price Reference (HBA) decline 5.5 ...
Monday, 07 May 18
SOUTH KOREA STATE-OWNED UTILITY KOREA MIDLAND POWER ISSUED A TENDER FOR 1 MILLION TONS OF BITUMINOUS COAL
COALspot.com: South Korea state-owned utility Korea Midland Power (KOMIPO) issued a tender for 520,000 mt of min. 5700 NAR coal of Australian origi ...
Monday, 07 May 18
GLOBAL COAL DEMAND ROSE ABOUT 1% IN 2017; ASIA ACCOUNTED FOR THE LARGEST INCREASE IN COAL DEMAND, UP 35 MTOE RELATIVE TO 2016 - IEA
Global coal demand rose about 1% in 2017, reversing the declining trend seen over the last two years. This growth was mainly due to demand in Asia, ...
Friday, 04 May 18
ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM RENEWABLES WAS SECOND ONLY TO COAL IN 2017 - IEA
World electricity demand increased by 3.1 %, significantly higher than the overall increase in energy demand. Together, China and India accounted f ...
Thursday, 03 May 18
SUPRAMAX: INDO - CHINA COAL ROUNDS ARE PAYING IN THE LOW-MID $12000 BSS SINGAPORE DELIVERY - FEARNLEYS
Supramax
As expected a slow and uneventful start to the week with holidays in many countries, however by mid-week some fresh requirements and pos ...
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Showing 1726 to 1730 news of total 6871 |
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- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- The University of Queensland
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Australian Coal Association
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- PTC India Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- White Energy Company Limited
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
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