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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Friday, 18 May 18
AFTER COAL, INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT PUSHES DMO ON GAS FOR ELECTRICITY
After introducing its domestic market obligation (DMO) policy for coal on March 12, the government is going forward with its plan to introduce a DM ...
Friday, 18 May 18
INDONESIA'S SAMARINDA ANCHORAGE COAL LOADING ACTIVITIES WERE RESUMED YESTERDAY AT 4PM LOCAL TIME
Samarinda Anchorage coal loading activities were resumed yesterday at 4PM local time.
Local fishermen in Samarinda Anchorage have been demonst ...
Wednesday, 16 May 18
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - GEORGE ILIOPOULOS
Half-way through the second quarter of the year and as the Posidonia week approaches everyone is getting ready for this unique gathering that besid ...
Thursday, 10 May 18
PRIVATE POWER PRODUCERS NEED A 'POWERFUL PUSH' - PRADEEP MITTAL
- PLF of the Private Sector in the country (Coal and Lignite based) for FY 2017-18 (till Dec 2017) is 56%.
- 51 GW of stressed assets (Thermal &a ...
Tuesday, 08 May 18
BUMA SIGNED OVER US$1 BILLION WORTH OF NEW CONTRACT WITH PT INDONESIA PRATAMA
PT Delta Dunia Makmur Tbk. announced that its subsidiary, PT Bukit Makmur Mandiri Utama, has entered into mining services contracts with PT Indones ...
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Showing 1721 to 1725 news of total 6871 |
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- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Planning Commission, India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- PTC India Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
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