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Tuesday, 27 March 18
SHIPPING MARKET ANALYSIS - GERRY LATHROP
 With the almost complete phase out of Tier II new-building slots on our door step, along with the plethora of emissions related articles seemingly published every other day, this week we will take a look at the pros and cons of different fuels, their emissions/by products, and conclude with possibly one of the best interim alternatives to the present emissions problem said Allied Shipbroking in its latest weekly report.
According to Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking, Fuel oil(s) probably account for the largest percentage of marine fuels by weight consumed. The reason for this is quite simple, it’s incredibly cheap while they are also quite energy dense (around .97 – 1.0 sg or tons per cubic meter) when compared to other alternatives such as diesel (.85 sg) methanol (0.79 sg), LPG of equal parts C3 and C4 atoms (0.537 sg) and LNG (0.45 sg). In general, fuel oil releases the most carbon dioxide (CO2) during combustion, about 3.11 tons of CO2 per ton of product, followed by LPG at 3.01 mts, LNG 2.75mts, diesel 2.63 mts and methanol at 1.37 mts. Many of you may be thinking, how can 1 ton of product create 2 tons of CO2? The answer lies in the chemistry of the combustion process. Simply put, combustion takes carbon from the fuel, and adds oxygen from the atmosphere and releases energy. The oxygen in this case makes up more than 2 thirds of the CO2 molecules.
But where do NOx and SOx fall into play? Unfortunately, NOx and SOx emissions are not as straight forward to quantify. For example, Gerry Lathrop, Research Analyst of Allied Shipbroking further noted, the total sulfur content of a given fuel is heavily dependent on where it was sourced, while removing sulfur is quite difficult and expensive. For that reason, giving any concrete figures for fuel oil and diesel can be inaccurate. On the other hand, LNG and LPG often have their sulfur content removed through the use of an acid gas removal unit (AGR), which is then processed in a sulfur recovery unit (SRU). Unfortunately, NOx emissions are similar to SOx emissions in that they are not fixed. However, NOx differs from SOx, as the same fuel may produce little NOx emissions in one engine, and higher emissions in another. Similarly, the same engine may produce no NOx emissions at one speed or engine load, and then at full speed, may produce a significant amount of the pollutant. The main source of NOx in fuels stems from the high heat reached during combustion. In order to produce little NOx, the temperature inside and around the engine must be lower than about 760 degrees Celsius. Methanol, LNG, and LPG burn at lower temperatures than other fuels, and thus could produce lower amounts of NOx emissions. How does all this fit into the industries search for lowering harmful emissions? Well as there is yet to emerge a single fuel that is clean and has negligible harmful emissions, the cheapest and probably best alternative right now seems to be the scrubber. Scrubbers work by physically and chemically cleaning the harmful emissions inside the exhaust. This is done by spraying water over the gas in the smokestack and then either discharging it into the ocean in the case of open loop systems, or cleaning the water through the use of chemicals or filters, and then reusing the water again in the case of closed loop scrubbers. This is possibly a better interim solution for commercial shipping emissions, as LNG powered vessels can be more costly to buy and maintain, while retrofitting a vessel to run on LNG will probably cost more than a scrubber in most cases, especially when taking into consideration the technical and space restricting challenges that are usually involved in the case of switching to LNG.
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Wednesday, 25 July 18
TANKER MARKET INSIGHT - DIMITRIS KOURTESIS
We are now into the second half of 2018, which so far has not been a fruitful year for tankers. With 2020 quickly approaching we need to consider t ...
Tuesday, 24 July 18
TANKER MARKET : IN TERMS OF TRADE, THE STEPS THAT WERE SLOWLY BEING TAKEN BY OPEC AND RUSSIA - GEORGE LAZARIDIS
Despite the fact that the tanker market still seems to be in the midst of a perfect storm, there are still strong indicators that better sailing da ...
Thursday, 19 July 18
VINACOMIN PRODUCES OVER 20 MLN TONNES OF RAW COAL FROM YEAR'S START - VNA
The Vietnam National Coal and Mineral Industries Group (Vinacomin) has produced over 20 million tonnes of raw coal and 19.3 million of clean coal f ...
Wednesday, 18 July 18
INDONESIA TO AUCTION 16 MINING SITES - JP
Indonesia will soon auction 16 mining sites as no proposal submissions have been submitted by state-owned enterprises (BUMN) and regional administr ...
Wednesday, 18 July 18
SHIPPING MARKET INSIGHT - VASILIS MOIRIS
The new regulations for Chinese flag restricting import of Tier I ships have dominated market sentiment during the past days as buyers have been tr ...
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Showing 1666 to 1670 news of total 6871 |
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- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- The University of Queensland
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- PTC India Limited - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Australian Coal Association
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
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