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Monday, 06 October 14
' COAL-BY-WIRE' FROM SUMATRA TO JAVA - THE JAKARTA POST
 Coal from the island of Sumatra accounts for most of Indonesia’s low-grade lignite, a low-quality coal that receives a poor price in international markets.
Given this low pricing combined with high transportation costs and the fact that most reserves are located in landlocked areas, it is not feasible to export Sumatra’s coal out of the island.
It is more efficient to use Sumatra’s coal for a mine-mouth power plant, an approach in which we develop a power plant very close to where mines are located, use the low-calorie coal from the mines to feed the plant, and transmit the electricity, rather than transporting a low-value commodity, out of the mines.
With mine-mouth, we no longer require either barges or expensive railway-heavy infrastructure to transport coal; rather we need to have long-distance high-voltage transmission lines to bring “coal-by-wire” from mines to consumer centers, either regions in Sumatra and/or Java-Bali.
Essentially, with “coal-by-wire” we are transporting a higher-value commodity by wire from mines to customers. Coal stays in the landlocked areas and feeds mine-mouth, coal-fired power plants.
“Coal-by-wire” would definitely boost the development of a domestic market for low-grade coal. Today, our market for coal is very thin as we are one of the world’s leading exporters of thermal coal of a high quality in the international market.
Our exports have increased very significantly within the past decade on account of demand from fast-growing Asian economies. More than 80 percent of our coal currently produced is exported.
Indeed, coal is currently the most important source of energy for our economy. For decades coal has accounted for more than half of our power-generation capacity. And this will continue for a half century to come before alternative and cleaner energy sources other than coal become affordably available.
Our economy is also growing, and of course will require more electricity power and therefore coal – challenges that have to be met. Electricity generation now consumes close to 75 million tons per year, and will almost triple in the next 10 to 15 years.
However, domestic use of coal today notoriously suffers from infrastructure bottlenecks. Congested barges and ports, as well as a shortage of railways limit the transportation of coal from coalmines in two coal-producing regions, Kalimantan and Sumatra, to demand centers in Java-Bali, where most of our power plants are located.
The majority of our coal reserves in the two regions are located in landlocked areas that require rail transportation infrastructure to reach ports for export.
Either truck haul or rail is needed to transport the coal to barge ports and terminals.
Truck operating costs are about twice that of rail, but existing rail transportation infrastructure is severely insufficient.
Indonesia’s attempts to improve coal-transport infrastructure for the domestic market have not been very successful. Dedicated coal ports in Kalimantan have been planned for many years, but implementation has again faced bottleneck issues.
Specialized railways for coal in Sumatra have also been initiated, but this concept is still under development and has not yet received a higher-level mandate or legal authorization.
Delays in expanding the capacity of barge and transportation infrastructure cause inefficiencies and high transportation costs in domestic coal utilization. These high costs and infrastructure bottlenecks have held back the development of the domestic market for coal.
Our high-voltage transmission lines are also astonishingly limited. The state-owned electricity company (PLN) operates approximately 40,000 kilometers of transmission lines, with less than 15 percent of this total serving the island of Sumatra.
If we can build more mine-mouth, coal-fired power generation plants we will need to expand our transmission network across the island, interconnected to other transmission systems in Java-Bali.
A new set of lines of a high-voltage of 500 kilovolts and medium-voltage of 275 kV needs to be developed as a backbone network across the island, i.e. providing long-distance, reliable and stable transmission.
The distribution system and transformer capacity also need to be expanded to service a larger coverage of costumers and demand centers.
We are required also to develop an interconnected transmission system, as existing electricity transmission is not compatible across regions due to different systems and manufacturer standards adopted in the past.
The current initiative of developing inter-island interconnection lines between Java and Sumatra with 500kV High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) lines needs to be completed in harmony with the mine-mouth development.
These long-distance transmission and distribution lines, as well as interconnected systems are required to exist before a system of mine-mouth power plants is commissioned to ensure that electricity produced can be transmitted in a timely manner and with minimum cost.
Both the central and local governments must work hand-in-hand to endorse incentives to encourage the private sector — independent power producers (IPPs) — to develop mine-mouth power plants.
Incentives need to be designed to enhance the financial viability of IPPs’ mine-mouth power plant projects.
PLN as an off-taker of IPP plays a fundamental role as the “coal-by-wire” agent, and has to be ready to absorb all of the risks associated with the development and operation of the system, including the difficulties in land acquisition and intra-regional compatibility of transmission systems.
Sumatra with its huge resources of low-grade coal can secure its own electricity supply and, eventually, can be the source of low-cost electricity with its energy radiating not only to Java, but also to every corner of the country.
Source: The Jakarta Post
The writer is deputy for energy and mineral resources at the office of Coordinating Economic Minister.
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Sunday, 30 November 14
SUPRAMAX COAL FREIGHT RATES FROM INDONESIA TO INDIA : FIRM
COALspot.com: The BDI fell 171 points and closed at 1153 points on Friday 28 November 2014. The Cape index also lost 887 points and closed at 2151 ...
Friday, 28 November 14
NEW BIMCO CLAUSE AIMS TO REDUCE SUPPLIERS' RELIANCE ON SHIP ARREST FOR CHARTERERS' UNPAID BUNKERS
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
Ship owners can, on occasion, find themselves in the invidious position of suffering unexpected loss of hire due to a tim ...
Friday, 28 November 14
JSW ENERGY AND GRM RESOURCES JOIN GLOBALCOAL
COALspot.com: globalCOAL® announced yesterday that two new Market Members have joined its online coal trading platform. According globaCOAL&rsq ...
Thursday, 27 November 14
MINING SERVICES TAX SPIKED BY 233% - BISNIS INDONESIA
COALspot.com: The Energy and Mineral Resources Department of Indonesia said the tax contribution from mining services sector in the 3rd Q 2014 ...
Thursday, 27 November 14
PANAMAX : EXPECTATION'S FOR A STRONG END OF YEAR RUSH, DISAPPEAR DAY BY DAY - FEARNLEYS
Handy
“We have experienced a firming market the last couple of weeks. More activity from cargo owners in the Atlantic and less available to ...
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- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Australian Coal Association
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- The University of Queensland
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- PTC India Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
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