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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Saturday, 12 May 12
THE SHIPPING MARKET IS UNLIKELY TO SEE A REBOUND ANYTIME SOON - VISTAAR SINGAPORE
COALspot.com - The BDI softened this week and it was down by 1.64 pct closing at 1,138 points.
The cape index was up by 2.41 pct closing at 1,61 ...
Friday, 11 May 12
POLITICAL CHANGES COULD LEAD TO TEMPORARY HALT IN SHIPPING INVESTMENTS - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The potential of changes of political leadership in many of the world’s leading economies could very well lead to significant shifts in the di ...
Thursday, 10 May 12
DRY BULK ERRATIC ON LACK OF DIRECTION - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market has kept up its erratic behavior as it went down again during yesterday’s session, on a lack of direct guidance in terms o ...
Wednesday, 09 May 12
COAL INDIA SIGNS FSAS WITH 13 POWER UNITS SO FAR - PTI
Press Trust of India has reported that, coal India has so far entered into fuel supply pacts with 13 power units, including Reliance Power's Rosa P ...
Tuesday, 08 May 12
DRY BULK MARKET LOOKING FOR NEW DIRECTION THIS WEEK - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
With the BDI (Baltic Dry Index) the main benchmark of the dry bulk shipping industry not traded at the start of this week, traders, charterers and s ...
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- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- The University of Queensland
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- White Energy Company Limited
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Planning Commission, India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- PTC India Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Australian Coal Association
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
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