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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Tuesday, 22 May 12
DRY BULK MARKET STEADY, AWAITING FURTHER RISE IN DEMAND WHICH IS DOUBTFUL - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
Traditionally, the second and third quarters of the year are the strongest for the dry bulk market, but this year, things seem to be quite subdued, ...
Sunday, 20 May 12
SPOT FREIGHT RATE DIPS FURTHER - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The BDI was marginally up by 3 points (0.26 pct) closing at 1,141 points.
The cape index was up by 1.17 pct closing at 1,633 point ...
Saturday, 19 May 12
INDONESIAN SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL SWAPS DROP US$ 2.88 PMT W-O-W
COALspot.com - Indonesian sub-bituminous coal swaps and CFR South China coal contracts for June deliveries have drops this week by 3.86 percent and& ...
Saturday, 19 May 12
INDONESIAN EXPORT TAX GIVES COAL MINERS A CHEAP RIDE: ANALYSTS - THE JAKARTA GLOBE
The Jakarta Globe reported that, Indonesia’s policy to exclude coal from an export tax that has been applied to 14 other mineral commodities h ...
Friday, 18 May 12
EXPORT TAX WILL ERODE PROFITS, INDONESIAN COAL EXEC COMPLAINS - THE JAKARTA GLOBE
The Jakarta Globe reported that, A 20 percent export duty the government has imposed on 14 mineral ore products will not only take a toll on mining ...
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- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Planning Commission, India
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- White Energy Company Limited
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- PTC India Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
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