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Friday, 22 June 12
GLOBAL ACTION NEEDED ON ENERGY POVERTY - WORLD COAL
 Eradicating energy poverty is possibly the biggest challenge facing the world today. Like climate change it can only be addressed with a concerted global effort. With the Rio+20 conference underway, WCA looks at what needs to be done to achieve energy access for all.
The statistics are well known. 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity and another billion have only intermittent access.Without concerted international action, these numbers are not expected to change significantly in the next two decades. There is a huge disparity in energy access across the globe. Most developing economies struggle with low levels of energy access, and while most developed economies have almost full energy access, the amount of electricity they produce and consume varies significantly. Improving energy access is so important because it is fundamental to modern life. Light and power for homes, schools, hospitals, business and industry are all essential to strong and resilient economies that improve livelihoods. Economic and social development cannot occur in the modern world without access to energy. It is for this reason that the United Nations has declared 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, and it is why energy is amongst the top issues at the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.
More ambition needed
Real ambition is needed to deliver energy access across the world. The original text of "The Future We Want" draft outcome document for Rio+20 released by the UN early in 2012 included language calling for access to a "basic minimum level" of energy. Targets that refer to the basic minimum level of access reflect the target contained in the IEA's Energy for All case outlined in its World Energy Outlook 2011. This target would provide: "use of a floor fan, a mobile phone, and two compact fluorescent light bulbs for about five hours a day. In urban areas, consumption might also include an efficient refrigerator, a second mobile phone per household and another appliance, such as a small television or a computer." What is most alarming however is what is not included in the IEA definition, where it notes that "some other categories are excluded, such as electricity access to business." Ambitious energy targets will provide the energy needs to build and operate essential social infrastructure and support economic growth by allowing reliable energy supplies for business and industry. Targets for energy access must be ambitious because the problem is so fundamental to the challenges facing the modern world.
National priorities are important
The first draft of "The Future We Want" document and the UN Secretary General's Sustainable Energy for All initiative have both also focused heavily on expanding the role to be played by renewable energy. Renewable energy does have an important role to play in improving energy access but it is not the right solution everywhere. As nations develop, they seek secure, reliable and affordable sources of energy to strengthen and build their economies - coal is a logical choice in many of these countries because it is widely available, safe, reliable and relatively low cost. Accessing reliable, on-grid, base load electricity is essential for businesses and industries that cannot have intermittent supply. Strong grid structures with base load coal fired power stations are essential to even out peaks and troughs in the generation of renewable electricity and they can very effectively distribute centralised base load electricity. Many countries have very significant coal reserves and should be able to utilise those to build reliable base load electricity systems. International support for improving energy access should recognise the economic, technical and natural resources available in economies with a shortage of electricity supply. Across the world coal will play a significant role in improving energy access. The IEA's WEO 2011 projects that coal will provide more than half of the on-grid electricity needed to meet their energy for all case. It will be particularly important in places like India, Pakistan and southern Africa and will continue to strengthen China's energy supplies.
Energy access and climate change
Despite the need for countries to be able to utilise their own resources, it seems at the international level that there is a far more significant focus on renewable energy technologies. This focus is brought about by concerns over climate change. The concern is that significantly improved energy access will lead to large increases in emissions of greenhouse gases and therefore increase the risk of catastrophic climate change. Many actors in the international community therefore believe that fossil fuels cannot play a role in improving access to energy if we also want to meet the climate challenge. It is not necessary however for action to be restricted to that paradigm.
A surprising revelation in the IEA World Energy Outlook 2011 was that achieving the IEA's (albeit minimal) energy access target would only increase global CO2 emissions by 0.7%. In part that is likely to be because of the significant role of off-grid renewables included in the scenario, but it also comes in a scenario where almost a quarter of all electricity needed is expected to be provided by coal. More ambitious energy access targets may lead to higher emissions, but this will also come in the context of significantly improved economic and social outcomes for those who get access to electricity. Even more important is that significantly increased emissions can be avoided. Deployment of advanced coal technologies will play a major role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. One key way of reducing the emissions from burning coal is to improve efficiency levels at power stations. Highly efficient modern supercritical and ultra supercritical coal plants emit almost 40% less CO2 than subcritical plants. Efficiency improvements in power generation are amongst the most cost-effective and shortest lead time actionsfor reducing emissions from coal-fired electricity. This is particularly the case in developing countries and economies in transition where existing plant efficiencies are generally lower and coal use in electricity generation is increasing. Beyond improvements in efficiency, carbon capture and storage technology will be a key technology to reduce CO2 emissions, not only from coal, but also natural gas and industrial sources.
Figures in the IEA's World Energy Outlook 2011 report estimate the potential for CCS to contribute 22% of global CO2 mitigation through to 2035. Over time CCS will become a key technology for improving energy access consistent with global climate objectives.
What action is needed?
Concerted international action is needed to address the global challenge of energy poverty. Without providing energy to those who currently lack it, it will be impossible to eradicate global poverty. To meet this challenge, policy frameworks must be put in place, both at national and international levels, to support effective energy institutions and business models to support the deployment of a comprehensive energy infrastructure where it is needed most. With these frameworks in place, finance from all sources, public and private, domestic and international is needed to provide the finance to build energy systems. Before this can be achieved however, it must be recognised that all sources of energyare necessary to meet the vast potential demand for electricity. It is important to understand that different sources of energy will suit different countries and different environments. To ensure that energy reaches those who need it most, there cannot be a political preference for one technology over another. The decision must be based on what is most effective in meeting the energy need.
Source: World Coal
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Sunday, 26 April 20
STRONGER BUNKER PRICES FAIL TO RALLY FREIGHT MARKET - FIS
VLSFO bunker prices rebounded by $22.50 to $229/mt in the port of Singapore but failed to turn around the spot freight market.
Some ...
Saturday, 25 April 20
KOREA SOUTH-EAST POWER CO. INVITED BIDS FOR 780K - 900K MT OF 5600 NCV COAL FOR JULY TO OCTOBER 2020 LOADING
COALspot.com: South Korea’s KOREA SOUTH-EAST POWER CO., LTD. (KOEN) has issued an international tender for 780,000~900,000 Metric Tons (MT) s ...
Saturday, 25 April 20
SEAFARER MENTAL WELLBEING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC - STANDARD CLUB
KNOWLEDGE TO ELEVATE
COVID-19 has forced many parts of the world to enforce a lockdown in a bid to flatten the curve in terms of transmissions ...
Friday, 24 April 20
KOMIPO INVITED BIDS FOR 5700 NAR COAL FOR JUNE & JULY LOADING
COALspot.com: South Korea’s Korea Midland Power Co. Ltd. (KOMIPO) Has Issued An International Tender For 260,000 Metric Tons (MT) Steam Coal ...
Friday, 24 April 20
CHINA'S BENCHMARK POWER COAL PRICE REMAINS FLAT - XINHUA
China’s benchmark power coal price remained flat during the past week.
The Bohai-Rim Steam-Coal Price Index (BSPI), a gauge of ...
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- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- VISA Power Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Planning Commission, India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- White Energy Company Limited
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- PTC India Limited - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- The University of Queensland
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