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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Thursday, 31 March 22
CHINA'S COAL OUTPUT SET FOR MODERATE GROWTH IN 2022 - INDUSTRY BODY - REUTERS
China is expected to see its coal output to grow further in 2022 after hitting a record last year, an industry body forecast on Wednesday, as the c ...
Tuesday, 29 March 22
MEMR OF INDONESIA HAS FIXED COAL PRICE AT US$ 90 PER TONNE FOR DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES EXCEPT SMELTER INDUSTRIES; FOR PLN USD 70 IS APPLICABLE
Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) Arifin Tasrif has set the selling price of coal for domestic, industrial except metal processing an ...
Monday, 21 March 22
A FORCE MAJEURE TO BE RECKONED WITH - BALTIC EXCHANGE
Sanctions cause payment confusion
This dispute in MUR Shipping BV v. RTI Ltd [2022] EWHC 467 (Comm) related to an owner’s purported exercis ...
Monday, 21 March 22
CHINA'S COAL OUTPUT UP 10.3 PCT IN FIRST TWO MONTHS - XINHUA
China’s raw coal output posted fast growth in the first two months of 2022, while coal imports continued to shrink, official data showed.
...
Tuesday, 15 March 22
INDUSTRY VETERANS & ORGANIZATIONS HONOURED WITH THE PRESTIGIOUS SHIPTEK INTERNATIONAL AWARDS 2022
Press Release: The 15th edition of the prestigious ShipTek International Conference & Awards 2022 concluded successfully from March 7th - 8th 2 ...
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- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- White Energy Company Limited
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- PTC India Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- The University of Queensland
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- MS Steel International - UAE
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Planning Commission, India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Minerals Council of Australia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
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