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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Wednesday, 13 October 21
FBX INDEX: THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF SHORT-TERM FORECASTING - LARS JENSEN
Will freight rates on Asia-Europe or the Transpacific reach 40.000 USD/FFE in the run-up prior to Chinese New Year 2022? Or will they start droppin ...
Wednesday, 13 October 21
CHINA FLOODS: COAL PRICE HITS FRESH HIGH AS MINES SHUT - BBC
The price of coal used in China’s power plants has surged to a new record high as another of the country’s key mining regions is hit by ...
Tuesday, 12 October 21
BUMA SIGNS CONDITIONAL AGREEMENT FOR AUSTRALIAN ASSET ACQUISITION
PT Tbk. announced that its subsidiary, PT Bukit Makmur Mandiri Utama, through its newly incorporated Australian subsidiary, BUMA International Pty ...
Tuesday, 12 October 21
INDONESIA'S COAL-BASED POWER PLANTS ARE SUBJECT TO CARBON TAX NEXT YEAR, ELECTRICITY COSTS COULD RISE! - CNBC
The Indonesian government is planning plans to implement a carbon tax of IDR 30 per kilogram (kg) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) or equivalent ...
Monday, 11 October 21
COAL ABANDONMENT IN POWER GENERATION PROMOTED GAS DEMAND GROWTH IN EUROPE - TOP MANAGER: TASS
Accelerated abandonment of coal in power generation and the overall recovery of economic activity facilitated gas demand growth in Europe and led t ...
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- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Australian Coal Association
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Planning Commission, India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- PTC India Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- The University of Queensland
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- White Energy Company Limited
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
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