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Wednesday, 20 October 21
OVER-RELIANCE ON COAL IN OUR POWER MIX HURTING INDIA - LIVEMINT
In spite of the renewables push, coal still accounts for about 50% of India’s installed power capacity. That means a simultaneous demand and supply shock, as happening now, can disrupt power generation.
The current shortage of coal is raising the spectre of long power outages. At a broader level, the crisis also underscores India’s overwhelming dependence on coal to meet its energy needs, the significant push towards renewables notwithstanding. As of September 2021, thermal power— power generated from burning coal, gas and petroleum—comprised 60% of India’s installed capacity in power generation. Coal alone accounted for nearly 50%. By comparison, renewable sources such as wind and solar energy and biomass accounted for 26%.
European countries lead the way in renewable sources, which are more sustainable and environment-friendly. Germany, for example, drew 44% of its electricity from renewables in the first half of 2021. For India, that figure was just 10% in 2019-20, against the installed capacity share of 26%. While installed capacity represents the maximum amount of electricity that can be generated, the actual amount generated from renewables is lower due to their erratic nature. For instance, lack of sufficient wind on a given day would lead to lower energy produced from wind turbines.
While India is expected to tide over the current coal shortage, the only way it can secure its longer-term energy security is by ramping up production from renewables. However, in the medium term, it is also imperative to upgrade infrastructure at coal mining facilities, and open up existing mines to the private sector for mining to augment the supply of coal. Failure to do so will leave it vulnerable to imbalances in supply—and have deleterious trickle-down effects, as being seen now.
Supply Crunch
Coal production has picked up in the current financial year and exceeds pre-pandemic levels. In the six-month period from April to September 2021, India produced 315 million tonnes of coal, a 5.5% increase over the corresponding period of 2019 (pre-pandemic). However, there has been a secular stagnation in coal production since 2017, with the rise in production not keeping pace with increasing demand.
State-owned Coal India dominates coal production in the country, accounting for about 85% of the coal produced in the first six months of 2021-22. In addition to domestic production, India imports nearly 25% of its coal requirement. Coal imports too had fallen sharply in 2020-21, due to supply shortages and the ensuing increase in global coal prices. In a move that will enhance imports, the Centre has ordered thermal power producers to import coal for at least 10% blending in their fuel, citing a shortage of domestic supply.
Production Woes
There is, currently, a crippling shortage of coal at thermal power plants. At an all-India level, the normative stock of coal required across all power plants is 39.7 million tonnes. However, the coal stock available on 15 October with these plants stood at 7.5 million tonnes, or about 19% of the stock required, according to the Central Electricity Authority. That same day, as many as 104 of the 135 coal-based plants in India had less than five days’ stock of coal remaining, which is deemed to be ‘critical’ for plants that are located near a coal mine.
The shortage is stark across states in all regions. The northern region, which is distant from most coal-producing regions, is the worst-affected, with around 91% of thermal plants facing shortages. By comparison, the western region, which includes mineral-rich Chhattisgarh, is slightly better off, with the coal shortage affecting around 74% of power plants there.
Price Spikes
The current concern regarding coal supplies has led to a spike in electricity costs. The supply arrangement in India is that distribution companies, mostly state-owned, enter into direct purchase agreements with power producers. In the event that producers are unable to fulfil their commitments, or demand exceeds contracted supply, distribution companies buy from sellers in the open market.
Data from the Indian Energy Exchange (IEX), a marketplace for short-term electricity trading in India, shows that electricity prices rose nearly five-fold over the past month in reaction to news regarding the impending shortage of coal. Considering that end prices paid by consumers remained fixed, distribution companies, which are already in a precarious financial position, were forced to bear the brunt of this higher price. Although rates have slid back to normal levels again, this upheaval is a grim reminder of the centrality of coal in India’s power mix and why this needs to change.
Source: Livemint
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Tuesday, 16 November 21
INDONESIA’S 2022 COAL USE FOR POWER GENERATION SET TO RISE 3% - REUTERS
Indonesia’s coal consumption for power generation is likely to rise by 3.1% next year compared to 2021, the head of the country’s state ...
Tuesday, 16 November 21
CHINA'S MONTHLY COAL OUTPUT RISES TO HIGHEST SINCE MARCH 2015 - REUTERS
China’s October coal output rose to the highest since at least March 2015, after Beijing approved a raft of coal mine expansions to tame reco ...
Friday, 12 November 21
RUSSIA-INDIA COKING COAL DEAL UNLIKELY TO IMPACT PANAMAX SHIPPING - DREWRY
Russia and India have recently entered into an agreement whereby Russia will supply up to 40 million tonnes of coking coal to India every year. Dre ...
Friday, 12 November 21
ASIA COAL POWER PIPELINE TO SHRINK BY TWO THIRDS AFTER CHINA FINANCE CUT - REUTERS
Asia’s pipeline of proposed coal-fired power plants is expected to shrink from 65 gigawatts to 22 gigawatts following China’s pledge to ...
Friday, 12 November 21
INDONESIAN COAL PRICE REFERENCE TOPS $215 A TON; THE HIGHEST COAL PRICE IN HISTORY
COALspot.com: Indonesian Coal Price Reference in a steep climb for most of second half of 2021 as it reached a pinnacle of $215.01 in November 2021 ...
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- PTC India Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Planning Commission, India
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- The University of Queensland
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Minerals Council of Australia
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Australian Coal Association
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
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